वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-40, verse-18

सा चन्दनवनैर्दिव्यैः प्रच्छन्ना द्वीप शालिनी ।
कान्तेव युवतिः कान्तं समुद्रमवगाहते ॥१८॥

18. sā candanavanairdivyaiḥ pracchannā dvīpa śālinī ,
kānteva yuvatiḥ kāntaṃ samudramavagāhate.

18. sā candanavanaīḥ divyaīḥ pracchannā dvīpaśālinī
kāntā iva yuvatiḥ kāntam samudram avagāhate

18. sā divyaiḥ candanavanaiḥ pracchannā dvīpaśālinī
kāntā iva yuvatiḥ kāntam samudram avagāhate

18. Covered by divine sandalwood forests and adorned with islands, that river enters the ocean, just as a beloved young woman embraces her lover.

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - she (the Tāmraparṇī river) (she, that (feminine))

• चन्दनवनईः (candanavanaīḥ) - by forests of sandalwood trees (by sandalwood forests)

• दिव्यईः (divyaīḥ) - by splendid (sandalwood forests) (by divine, by celestial, by splendid)

• प्रच्छन्ना (pracchannā) - (the river) covered (covered, concealed, hidden)

• द्वीपशालिनी (dvīpaśālinī) - (the river) adorned with islands (adorned with islands, rich in islands)

• कान्ता (kāntā) - a beloved woman (in the simile) (beloved, lovely, charming woman)

• इव (iva) - like, just as (like, as, as if)

• युवतिः (yuvatiḥ) - a young woman (in the simile) (young woman, maiden)

• कान्तम् (kāntam) - her lover/husband (the ocean) (beloved, desired, husband, lover)

• समुद्रम् (samudram) - the ocean (ocean, sea)

• अवगाहते (avagāhate) - (the river) enters (the ocean) (enters, plunges into, bathes in)

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - she (the Tāmraparṇī river) (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the river Tāmraparṇī.

चन्दनवनईः (candanavanaīḥ) - by forests of sandalwood trees (by sandalwood forests)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of candanavana

candanavana - sandalwood forest

Compound type : tatpurusha (candana+vana)

• candana – sandalwood
  noun (masculine)
• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)

दिव्यईः (divyaīḥ) - by splendid (sandalwood forests) (by divine, by celestial, by splendid)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of divya

divya - divine, celestial, splendid, charming

Note: Qualifies candanavanaīḥ.

प्रच्छन्ना (pracchannā) - (the river) covered (covered, concealed, hidden)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pracchanna

pracchanna - covered, concealed, hidden

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √chad (to cover) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: chad (class 1)

Note: Qualifies sā (the river).

द्वीपशालिनी (dvīpaśālinī) - (the river) adorned with islands (adorned with islands, rich in islands)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dvīpaśālinī

dvīpaśālinī - adorned with islands, rich in islands

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvīpa+śālinī)

• dvīpa – island, continent
  noun (masculine)
• śālinī – adorned with, possessing, rich in
  adjective (feminine)
  Derived from śāla (house, dwelling, often used as suffix for 'possessing')

Note: Qualifies sā (the river).

कान्ता (kāntā) - a beloved woman (in the simile) (beloved, lovely, charming woman)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kāntā

kāntā - beloved woman, lovely lady

Feminine of kānta

Note: Part of the simile kāntā iva yuvatiḥ.

इव (iva) - like, just as (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates comparison.

युवतिः (yuvatiḥ) - a young woman (in the simile) (young woman, maiden)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yuvati

yuvati - young woman, maiden

Note: Part of the simile kāntā iva yuvatiḥ.

कान्तम् (kāntam) - her lover/husband (the ocean) (beloved, desired, husband, lover)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kānta

kānta - beloved, desired, husband, lover

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √kam (to desire)

Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Object of avagāhate.

समुद्रम् (samudram) - the ocean (ocean, sea)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of samudra

samudra - ocean, sea

Note: Object of avagāhate.

अवगाहते (avagāhate) - (the river) enters (the ocean) (enters, plunges into, bathes in)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of avagāh

Prefix: ava

Root: gāh (class 1)

Note: Subject is sā (the river).

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