वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-40, verse-21

चित्रनानानगः श्रीमान्महेन्द्रः पर्वतोत्तमः ।
जातरूपमयः श्रीमानवगाढो महार्णवम् ॥२१॥

21. citranānānagaḥ śrīmānmahendraḥ parvatottamaḥ ,
jātarūpamayaḥ śrīmānavagāḍho mahārṇavam.

21. citra-nānā-nagaḥ śrīmān mahendraḥ parvata-uttamaḥ
jātarūpamayaḥ śrīmān avagāḍhaḥ mahā-arṇavam

21. citra-nānā-nagaḥ śrīmān jātarūpamayaḥ śrīmān
parvata-uttamaḥ mahendraḥ mahā-arṇavam avagāḍhaḥ

21. The glorious Mahendra, the best of mountains, adorned with diverse wonderful trees, made of gold, and resplendent, was submerged into the great ocean.

Words meanings summery:

• चित्र-नाना-नगः (citra-nānā-nagaḥ) - having various wonderful trees, adorned with diverse mountains/trees

• श्रीमान् (śrīmān) - glorious, beautiful, prosperous, resplendent

• महेन्द्रः (mahendraḥ) - The Mahendra mountain (Mahendra (a great mountain, name of a deity))

• पर्वत-उत्तमः (parvata-uttamaḥ) - the best of mountains, excellent mountain

• जातरूपमयः (jātarūpamayaḥ) - made of gold, golden

• श्रीमान् (śrīmān) - glorious, beautiful, prosperous, resplendent

• अवगाढः (avagāḍhaḥ) - submerged, entered, plunged

• महा-अर्णवम् (mahā-arṇavam) - into the great ocean

Words meanings and morphology

चित्र-नाना-नगः (citra-nānā-nagaḥ) - having various wonderful trees, adorned with diverse mountains/trees

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of citra-nānā-naga

citra-nānā-naga - having diverse wonderful trees/mountains

bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (citra+nānā+naga)

• citra – variegated, wonderful, strange, beautiful
  adjective (neuter)
• nānā – various, diverse, manifold
  indeclinable
• naga – mountain, tree
  noun (masculine)
  lit. 'that which does not move'
  Prefix: na
  Root: gam (class 1)

श्रीमान् (śrīmān) - glorious, beautiful, prosperous, resplendent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīmat

śrīmat - glorious, beautiful, prosperous, fortunate

possessive suffix -mat

महेन्द्रः (mahendraḥ) - The Mahendra mountain (Mahendra (a great mountain, name of a deity))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahendra

mahendra - Mahendra (name of a mountain range; epithet of Indra as 'Great Indra')

karma-dhāraya compound: mahā + indra

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+indra)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• indra – Indra (king of devas)
  proper noun (masculine)

पर्वत-उत्तमः (parvata-uttamaḥ) - the best of mountains, excellent mountain

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parvata-uttama

parvata-uttama - best mountain, excellent mountain

tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parvata+uttama)

• parvata – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, excellent, highest
  adjective (masculine)

जातरूपमयः (jātarūpamayaḥ) - made of gold, golden

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jātarūpamaya

jātarūpamaya - made of gold, golden

compound, suffix -maya (made of) added to jātarūpa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jātarūpa+maya)

• jātarūpa – gold
  noun (neuter)
  lit. 'born form', referring to gold
• maya – made of, consisting of, full of
  suffix
  secondary suffix indicating material

श्रीमान् (śrīmān) - glorious, beautiful, prosperous, resplendent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīmat

śrīmat - glorious, beautiful, prosperous, fortunate

possessive suffix -mat

Note: Repeated for emphasis or additional description.

अवगाढः (avagāḍhaḥ) - submerged, entered, plunged

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avagāḍha

avagāḍha - entered, plunged into, submerged

Past Passive Participle

PPP of ava + gāh

Prefix: ava

Root: gāh (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective, implying 'was submerged'.

महा-अर्णवम् (mahā-arṇavam) - into the great ocean

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahā-arṇava

mahā-arṇava - great ocean, vast sea

karma-dhāraya compound: mahā + arṇava

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+arṇava)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• arṇava – ocean, sea, flood
  noun (masculine)

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