वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-40, verse-39

गोशीर्षकं पद्मकं च हरिश्यामं च चन्दनम् ।
दिव्यमुत्पद्यते यत्र तच्चैवाग्निसमप्रभम् ॥३९॥

39. gośīrṣakaṃ padmakaṃ ca hariśyāmaṃ ca candanam ,
divyamutpadyate yatra taccaivāgnisamaprabham.

39. gośīrṣakam padmakam ca hariśyāmam ca candanam
divyam utpadyate yatra tat ca eva agnisamaprabham

39. yatra divyam candanam gośīrṣakam padmakam ca
hariśyāmam ca utpadyate ca eva tat agnisamaprabham

39. Where divine sandalwood—Gośīrṣaka, Padmaka, and Hariśyāma varieties—is produced, and that (sandalwood) indeed shines like fire.

Words meanings summery:

• गोशीर्षकम् (gośīrṣakam) - Gośīrṣaka (a variety of sandalwood) (Gośīrṣaka (a type of sandalwood))

• पद्मकम् (padmakam) - Padmaka (a variety of sandalwood) (Padmaka (a type of sandalwood); lotus)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• हरिश्यामम् (hariśyāmam) - Hariśyāma (a variety of dark-green sandalwood) (dark green; Hariśyāma (a type of sandalwood))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• चन्दनम् (candanam) - sandalwood (sandalwood, a sandalwood tree)

• दिव्यम् (divyam) - divine (divine, celestial, heavenly)

• उत्पद्यते (utpadyate) - is produced (is produced, arises, is born)

• यत्र (yatra) - where (where, in which place)

• तत् (tat) - that (sandalwood) (that (neuter nominative/accusative))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed, also (indeed, only, just)

• अग्निसमप्रभम् (agnisamaprabham) - shines like fire (shining like fire, fire-like in splendor)

Words meanings and morphology

गोशीर्षकम् (gośīrṣakam) - Gośīrṣaka (a variety of sandalwood) (Gośīrṣaka (a type of sandalwood))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gośīrṣaka

gośīrṣaka - cow's head; a kind of excellent sandalwood

Compound 'go' (cow) + 'śīrṣaka' (head, top)

Compound type : tatpurusha (go+śīrṣaka)

• go – cow, ox, cattle
  noun (masculine)
• śīrṣaka – head, summit, top
  noun (neuter)

पद्मकम् (padmakam) - Padmaka (a variety of sandalwood) (Padmaka (a type of sandalwood); lotus)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of padmaka

padmaka - lotus; a kind of fragrant wood or sandalwood

From 'padma' (lotus)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

हरिश्यामम् (hariśyāmam) - Hariśyāma (a variety of dark-green sandalwood) (dark green; Hariśyāma (a type of sandalwood))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hariśyāma

hariśyāma - dark green, a type of dark-green sandalwood

Compound 'hari' (greenish-yellow) + 'śyāma' (dark, blackish-blue)

Compound type : karmadharaya (hari+śyāma)

• hari – greenish-yellow, tawny, golden
  adjective (masculine)
• śyāma – dark, black, dark-blue, dark-green
  adjective (masculine)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

चन्दनम् (candanam) - sandalwood (sandalwood, a sandalwood tree)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of candana

candana - sandalwood, the sandalwood tree, sandalwood paste

दिव्यम् (divyam) - divine (divine, celestial, heavenly)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of divya

divya - divine, celestial, heavenly, supernatural, beautiful

From 'div' (heaven, sky)

Note: Qualifies 'candanam'.

उत्पद्यते (utpadyate) - is produced (is produced, arises, is born)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of utpad

From 'ud' (up) + root 'pad' (to go, fall)

Prefix: ud

Root: pad (class 4)

यत्र (yatra) - where (where, in which place)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'yad' (which) + 'tra' suffix (locative sense)

तत् (tat) - that (sandalwood) (that (neuter nominative/accusative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this (demonstrative pronoun)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, also (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

अग्निसमप्रभम् (agnisamaprabham) - shines like fire (shining like fire, fire-like in splendor)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of agnisamaprabha

agnisamaprabha - shining like fire, fire-like in splendor

Bahuvrihi compound 'agni' (fire) + 'sama' (like, equal) + 'prabha' (light, splendor)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (agni+sama+prabhā)

• agni – fire, god of fire
  noun (masculine)
• sama – same, equal, like, similar
  adjective (masculine)
• prabhā – light, splendor, radiance, luster
  noun (feminine)

Note: Qualifies 'candanam'.

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