वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-12, verse-5

तान्दृष्ट्वा सप्त निर्भिन्नान् सालान् वानरपुंगवः ।
रामस्य शरवेगेन विस्मयं परमं गतः ॥५॥

5. tāndṛṣṭvā sapta nirbhinnān sālān vānarapuṃgavaḥ ,
rāmasya śaravegena vismayaṃ paramaṃ gataḥ.

5. tān dṛṣṭvā sapta nirbhinnān sālān vānarapuṅgavaḥ
rāmasya śaravegena vismayam paramam gataḥ

5. vānarapuṅgavaḥ tān sapta nirbhinnān sālān
rāmasya śaravegena dṛṣṭvā paramam vismayam gataḥ

5. Having witnessed those seven Sāla trees pierced by the force of Rama's arrow, Sugriva, the chief of monkeys, was filled with immense astonishment.

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - those (seven Sāla trees) (those)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having witnessed (having seen, having perceived)

• सप्त (sapta) - seven (trees) (seven)

• निर्भिन्नान् (nirbhinnān) - pierced through (pierced, split, broken, penetrated)

• सालान् (sālān) - Sāla trees (Sāla trees (Shorea robusta))

• वानरपुङ्गवः (vānarapuṅgavaḥ) - Sugriva, the chief of monkeys (chief of monkeys, best of monkeys)

• रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rama

• शरवेगेन (śaravegena) - by the powerful flight of Rama's arrow (by the speed of the arrow, by the force of the arrow)

• विस्मयम् (vismayam) - immense astonishment (astonishment, wonder, surprise)

• परमम् (paramam) - immense, supreme (supreme, highest, greatest, utmost)

• गतः (gataḥ) - attained, experienced (astonishment) (gone, reached, attained, obtained)

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - those (seven Sāla trees) (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having witnessed (having seen, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from the root √dṛś (to see) with the suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सप्त (sapta) - seven (trees) (seven)

(indeclinable)

निर्भिन्नान् (nirbhinnān) - pierced through (pierced, split, broken, penetrated)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nirbhinna

nirbhinna - pierced, split, broken, distinguished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √bhid (to split) with the prefix nis-.

Prefix: nis

Root: bhid (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'sālān'.

सालान् (sālān) - Sāla trees (Sāla trees (Shorea robusta))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sāla

sāla - Sāla tree (a tall and valuable timber tree, Shorea robusta)

वानरपुङ्गवः (vānarapuṅgavaḥ) - Sugriva, the chief of monkeys (chief of monkeys, best of monkeys)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vānarapuṅgava

vānarapuṅgava - chief of monkeys, best of monkeys

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vānara+puṅgava)

• vānara – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• puṅgava – bull (as an emblem of excellence), chief, best
  noun (masculine)

रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rama

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a celebrated Hindu deity, the seventh avatar of Vishnu), pleasing, charming

शरवेगेन (śaravegena) - by the powerful flight of Rama's arrow (by the speed of the arrow, by the force of the arrow)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śaravega

śaravega - speed of an arrow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+vega)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• vega – speed, velocity, force, impetuosity
  noun (masculine)
  From √vij (to move rapidly).
  Root: vij (class 6)

विस्मयम् (vismayam) - immense astonishment (astonishment, wonder, surprise)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vismaya

vismaya - astonishment, wonder, surprise, amazement

From vi-√smi (to wonder).

Prefix: vi

Root: smi (class 1)

परमम् (paramam) - immense, supreme (supreme, highest, greatest, utmost)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, greatest, most excellent, utmost

Note: Qualifies 'vismayam'.

गतः (gataḥ) - attained, experienced (astonishment) (gone, reached, attained, obtained)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, reached, attained, obtained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √gam (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)