वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-12, verse-21

एतस्मिन्नन्तरे भग्नः सुग्रीवस्तेन वालिना ।
अपश्यन् राघवं नाथमृश्यमूकं प्रदुद्रुवे ॥२१॥

21. etasminnantare bhagnaḥ sugrīvastena vālinā ,
apaśyan rāghavaṃ nāthamṛśyamūkaṃ pradudruve.

21. etasmin antare bhagnaḥ sugrīvaḥ tena vālinā |
apaśyan rāghavam nātham ṛśyamūkam pradudruve

21. etasmin antare,
tena vālinā bhagnaḥ sugrīvaḥ,
rāghavam nātham apaśyan,
ṛśyamūkam pradudruve

21. At that moment, Sugriva, defeated by Vali, not seeing Rama (rāghavaḥ) as his protector, fled to Mount Rishyamuka.

Words meanings summery:

• एतस्मिन् (etasmin) - in that (in this, in that)

• अन्तरे (antare) - at that moment, in the interval (in the interval, in the meantime, at the time)

• भग्नः (bhagnaḥ) - defeated (broken, defeated, shattered)

• सुग्रीवः (sugrīvaḥ) - Sugriva

• तेन (tena) - by him (Vali) (by that, by him)

• वालिना (vālinā) - by Vali

• अपश्यन् (apaśyan) - not seeing

• राघवम् (rāghavam) - Rama

• नाथम् (nātham) - protector (protector, lord, master)

• ऋश्यमूकम् (ṛśyamūkam) - Mount Rishyamuka

• प्रदुद्रुवे (pradudruve) - he fled (he ran forward, he fled)

Words meanings and morphology

एतस्मिन् (etasmin) - in that (in this, in that)

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

अन्तरे (antare) - at that moment, in the interval (in the interval, in the meantime, at the time)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of antara

antara - interval, interior, difference, time

भग्नः (bhagnaḥ) - defeated (broken, defeated, shattered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagna

bhañj - to break, to defeat

Past Passive Participle

From root bhañj (to break).

Root: bhañj (class 7)

सुग्रीवः (sugrīvaḥ) - Sugriva

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugriva (name of a monkey king)

तेन (tena) - by him (Vali) (by that, by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

वालिना (vālinā) - by Vali

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vālin

vālin - Vali (name of a monkey king)

Note: Agent of the passive participle bhagnaḥ.

अपश्यन् (apaśyan) - not seeing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apaśyat

paś - to see

Present Active Participle, negated with a-

From root dṛś (to see), which uses paśya stem in present. Negated with a.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Negated form.

राघवम् (rāghavam) - Rama

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, Rama

Derived from Raghu.

Note: Object of apaśyan.

नाथम् (nātham) - protector (protector, lord, master)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nātha

nātha - lord, master, protector, refuge

Root: nāth (class 1)

ऋश्यमूकम् (ṛśyamūkam) - Mount Rishyamuka

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ṛśyamūka

ṛśyamūka - Rishyamuka (name of a mountain)

Note: Object of pradudruve.

प्रदुद्रुवे (pradudruve) - he fled (he ran forward, he fled)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of pradudruve

3rd singular perfect

Perfect tense form of root dru (to run) with prefix pra. dru is reduplicated as dudru.

Prefix: pra

Root: dru (class 1)