वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-12, verse-19

ततो रामो धनुष्पाणिस्ताव् उभौ समुदीक्ष्य तु ।
अन्योन्यसदृशौ वीराव् उभौ देवाविवाश्विनौ ॥१९॥

19. tato rāmo dhanuṣpāṇistāv ubhau samudīkṣya tu ,
anyonyasadṛśau vīrāv ubhau devāvivāśvinau.

19. tataḥ rāmaḥ dhanuṣpāṇiḥ tau ubhau samudīkṣya tu
anyonyasadṛśau vīrau ubhau devau iva aśvinau

19. tataḥ dhanuṣpāṇiḥ rāmaḥ anyonyasadṛśau ubhau vīrau,
ubhau aśvinau devau iva tau samudīkṣya tu

19. Then, Rāma, bow in hand, having observed those two heroes who resembled each other, both like the two divine Aśvinikumāras...

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, thereupon)

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma (Rāma (proper noun))

• धनुष्पाणिः (dhanuṣpāṇiḥ) - bow in hand (bow in hand, holding a bow)

• तौ (tau) - those two (brothers) (those two, them two)

• उभौ (ubhau) - both (of them) (both)

• समुदीक्ष्य (samudīkṣya) - having observed (having seen, having observed well)

• तु (tu) - then (as an emphatic particle) (but, indeed, yet, then)

• अन्योन्यसदृशौ (anyonyasadṛśau) - resembling each other (mutually similar, resembling each other)

• वीरौ (vīrau) - the two heroes (Vāli and Sugrīva) (the two heroes)

• उभौ (ubhau) - both (divine twins) (both)

• देवौ (devau) - the two divine (twins) (the two gods, divine beings)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• अश्विनौ (aśvinau) - the two divine Aśvinikumāras (the two Aśvins (divine twins))

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects to the narrative flow.

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma (Rāma (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (name of the hero), pleasing, charming

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Subject of the (implied) action.

धनुष्पाणिः (dhanuṣpāṇiḥ) - bow in hand (bow in hand, holding a bow)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanuṣpāṇi

dhanuṣpāṇi - bow in hand, armed with a bow

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhanus+pāṇi)

• dhanus – bow, arc
  noun (neuter)
• pāṇi – hand
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Rāma.

तौ (tau) - those two (brothers) (those two, them two)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, that one, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'samudīkṣya'. Refers to Vāli and Sugrīva.

उभौ (ubhau) - both (of them) (both)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Note: Qualifies 'tau'.

समुदीक्ष्य (samudīkṣya) - having observed (having seen, having observed well)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund) with prefix

From sam- + ud- + īkṣ- (to see), with suffix -ya

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Precedes the main (implied) verb of Rāma's action.

तु (tu) - then (as an emphatic particle) (but, indeed, yet, then)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle, or marks a transition.

अन्योन्यसदृशौ (anyonyasadṛśau) - resembling each other (mutually similar, resembling each other)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, dual of anyonyasadṛśa

anyonyasadṛśa - mutually similar, resembling each other

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (anyonya+sadṛśa)

• anyonya – each other, mutual
  pronoun (neuter)
• sadṛśa – similar, like, resembling
  adjective (masculine)
  From sa- + dṛś- (to see)
  Prefix: sa
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'vīrau'.

वीरौ (vīrau) - the two heroes (Vāli and Sugrīva) (the two heroes)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior, valiant

Note: Qualifies 'tau ubhau'.

उभौ (ubhau) - both (divine twins) (both)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Note: Qualifies 'devau' and 'aśvinau'.

देवौ (devau) - the two divine (twins) (the two gods, divine beings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of deva

deva - god, divine, celestial being

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'aśvinau'.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates comparison.

अश्विनौ (aśvinau) - the two divine Aśvinikumāras (the two Aśvins (divine twins))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of aśvin

aśvin - Aśvinī (twin Vedic deities of light, medicine, and dawn), horseman

Note: Standard comparison for heroic twins.