वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-12, verse-2

स गृहीत्वा धनुर्घोरं शरमेकं च मानदः ।
सालानुद्दिश्य चिक्षेप ज्यास्वनैः पूरयन्दिशः ॥२॥

2. sa gṛhītvā dhanurghoraṃ śaramekaṃ ca mānadaḥ ,
sālānuddiśya cikṣepa jyāsvanaiḥ pūrayandiśaḥ.

2. saḥ gṛhītvā dhanuḥ ghoram śaram ekam ca mānadaḥ
sālān uddiśya cikṣepa jyāsvanaiḥ pūrayan diśaḥ

2. saḥ mānadaḥ ghoram dhanuḥ ekam ca śaram gṛhītvā
sālān uddiśya jyāsvanaiḥ diśaḥ pūrayan cikṣepa

2. He, the bestower of honor, having grasped the mighty bow and a single arrow, aimed at the śāla trees and shot, filling all directions with the resonant twangs of his bowstring.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Rāma) (he, that one)

• गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having grasped (the bow and arrow) (having taken, having grasped)

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - a bow (weapon) (bow)

• घोरम् (ghoram) - mighty, formidable (describing the bow) (terrible, dreadful, fearful, mighty)

• शरम् (śaram) - an arrow (arrow)

• एकम् (ekam) - a single (arrow) (one, a single)

• च (ca) - and (connects bow and arrow) (and, also)

• मानदः (mānadaḥ) - the bestower of honor (Rāma) (bestower of honor, respectful)

• सालान् (sālān) - the śāla trees (śāla trees)

• उद्दिश्य (uddiśya) - aiming at (the śāla trees) (having aimed at, having pointed towards)

• चिक्षेप (cikṣepa) - shot (the arrow) (threw, cast, shot)

• ज्यास्वनैः (jyāsvanaiḥ) - with the resonant twangs of his bowstring (with the sounds of the bowstring, with twangs of the bowstring)

• पूरयन् (pūrayan) - filling (the directions) (filling, completing)

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - all directions (directions, quarters of the sky)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Rāma) (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: subject of the sentence

गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having grasped (the bow and arrow) (having taken, having grasped)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

derived from root grah (to seize, take) with suffix -ītvā

Root: grah (class 9)

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - a bow (weapon) (bow)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, weapon, arc, arch

Note: object of 'gṛhītvā'

घोरम् (ghoram) - mighty, formidable (describing the bow) (terrible, dreadful, fearful, mighty)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, fearful, formidable, mighty

Note: modifies 'dhanuḥ'

शरम् (śaram) - an arrow (arrow)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śara

śara - arrow; reed, rush

Note: object of 'gṛhītvā'

एकम् (ekam) - a single (arrow) (one, a single)

(numeral)

Note: modifies 'śaram'

च (ca) - and (connects bow and arrow) (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: conjunction

मानदः (mānadaḥ) - the bestower of honor (Rāma) (bestower of honor, respectful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mānada

mānada - bestower of honor, respectful, courteous

compound of māna (honor) and da (giver)

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (māna+da)

• māna – honor, respect, pride, measure
  noun (masculine)
• da – giving, bestowing, a giver
  noun (masculine)
  derived from root dā (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: epithet modifying 'saḥ' (Rāma)

सालान् (sālān) - the śāla trees (śāla trees)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sāla

sāla - śāla tree (Shorea robusta); palmyra tree

Note: object of 'uddiśya'

उद्दिश्य (uddiśya) - aiming at (the śāla trees) (having aimed at, having pointed towards)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

derived from root diś (to point) with prefix ud- and suffix -ya

Prefix: ud

Root: diś (class 6)

चिक्षेप (cikṣepa) - shot (the arrow) (threw, cast, shot)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of kṣip

reduplicated perfect tense form (Lit. 3rd conjugation)

Root: kṣip (class 6)

Note: main verb of the sentence

ज्यास्वनैः (jyāsvanaiḥ) - with the resonant twangs of his bowstring (with the sounds of the bowstring, with twangs of the bowstring)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of jyāsvana

jyāsvana - sound of the bowstring, twang of a bowstring

compound of jyā (bowstring) and svana (sound)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jyā+svana)

• jyā – bowstring; mother earth
  noun (feminine)
• svana – sound, noise, voice
  noun (masculine)
  derived from root svan (to sound)
  Root: svan (class 1)

Note: instrument of the action 'pūrayan'

पूरयन् (pūrayan) - filling (the directions) (filling, completing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pūrayat

pūrayat - filling, completing, fulfilling

Present Active Participle

derived from causative root pūr (to fill) with suffix -at

Root: pṛ (class 9)

Note: describes the action of the implicit subject 'saḥ' (Rāma)

दिशः (diśaḥ) - all directions (directions, quarters of the sky)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter of the sky, region, point of the compass

Note: object of 'pūrayan'