वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-12, verse-16

तं श्रुत्वा निनदं भ्रातुः क्रुद्धो वाली महाबलः ।
निष्पपात सुसंरब्धो भास्करो ऽस्ततटादिव ॥१६॥

16. taṃ śrutvā ninadaṃ bhrātuḥ kruddho vālī mahābalaḥ ,
niṣpapāta susaṃrabdho bhāskaro'stataṭādiva.

16. tam śrutvā ninadam bhrātuḥ kruddhaḥ vālī mahābalaḥ
niṣpapāta susaṃrabdhaḥ bhāskaraḥ astataṭāt iva

16. bhrātuḥ tam ninadam śrutvā,
mahābalaḥ vālī kruddhaḥ susaṃrabdhaḥ niṣpapāta,
astataṭāt bhāskaraḥ iva

16. Hearing that roar of his brother, the immensely powerful Vāli, filled with great fury, burst out, just like the sun emerges from the western horizon.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that (roar) (him, that, to him)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard (having heard, after hearing)

• निनदम् (ninadam) - roar (sound, roar, cry)

• भ्रातुः (bhrātuḥ) - of his brother (Sugrīva) (of the brother)

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (angry, enraged)

• वाली (vālī) - Vāli (Vāli (proper noun))

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - immensely powerful (very strong, mighty, immensely powerful)

• निष्पपात (niṣpapāta) - burst out, sprang forth (sprang out, fell out, emerged suddenly)

• सुसंरब्धः (susaṁrabdhaḥ) - filled with great fury (greatly agitated, very angry, highly enraged)

• भास्करः (bhāskaraḥ) - the sun (the sun, maker of light)

• अस्ततटात् (astataṭāt) - from the western horizon (from the western mountain, from the setting peak)

• इव (iva) - just like (like, as, as if)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that (roar) (him, that, to him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'ninadam' (roar), which is masculine here.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard (having heard, after hearing)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From root śru- (to hear) with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

निनदम् (ninadam) - roar (sound, roar, cry)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ninada

ninada - sound, roar, cry, noise

From ni- + nad- (to sound)

Prefix: ni

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

भ्रातुः (bhrātuḥ) - of his brother (Sugrīva) (of the brother)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Qualifies 'ninadam'.

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (angry, enraged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged, wrathful

Past Passive Participle

From root krudh- (to be angry)

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies Vāli.

वाली (vālī) - Vāli (Vāli (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vālin

vālin - Vāli (name of a monkey king)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - immensely powerful (very strong, mighty, immensely powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - very strong, mighty, powerful, great strength

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies Vāli.

निष्पपात (niṣpapāta) - burst out, sprang forth (sprang out, fell out, emerged suddenly)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) (liṭ) of niṣpat

From niṣ- + pat- (to fall)

Prefix: nis

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Root 'pat' (to fall, fly), with prefix 'nis' (out, forth).

सुसंरब्धः (susaṁrabdhaḥ) - filled with great fury (greatly agitated, very angry, highly enraged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of susaṃrabdha

susaṁrabdha - greatly agitated, highly enraged, very furious

Past Passive Participle

From su- + saṃ- + rabh- (to seize, be agitated)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+saṃrabdha)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• saṃrabdha – agitated, enraged, furious
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From saṃ- + rabh- (to seize, be agitated)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: rabh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Vāli.

भास्करः (bhāskaraḥ) - the sun (the sun, maker of light)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāskara

bhāskara - the sun, maker of light, luminous

From bhās- (light) + kara- (maker)

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (bhās+kara)

• bhās – light, luster, radiance
  noun (feminine)
• kara – maker, doer, hand, ray
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of the simile.

अस्ततटात् (astataṭāt) - from the western horizon (from the western mountain, from the setting peak)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of astataṭa

astataṭa - western mountain, mountain of setting, horizon

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (asta+taṭa)

• asta – setting, western, home
  noun (masculine)
  Root: as (class 2)
• taṭa – bank, shore, slope, mountain side
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates origin.

इव (iva) - just like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates comparison.