वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-69, verse-36

स तत् कबन्धः प्रतिपद्य रूपं वृतः श्रिया भास्करतुल्यदेहः ।
निदर्शयन् राममवेक्ष्य खस्थः सख्यं कुरुष्वेति तदाभ्युवाच ॥३६॥

36. sa tat kabandhaḥ pratipadya rūpaṃ vṛtaḥ śriyā bhāskaratulyadehaḥ ,
nidarśayan rāmamavekṣya khasthaḥ sakhyaṃ kuruṣveti tadābhyuvāca.

36. saḥ tat kabandhaḥ pratipadya rūpam
vṛtaḥ śriyā bhāskaratulyadehaḥ
nidarśayan rāmam avekṣya khasthaḥ
sakhyam kuruṣva iti tadā abhyuvāca

36. tadā saḥ kabandhaḥ rūpam pratipadya
śriyā vṛtaḥ bhāskaratulyadehaḥ
khasthaḥ rāmam avekṣya nidarśayan
iti abhyuvāca sakhyam kuruṣva

36. Kabandha then regained his form, endowed with splendor and a body like the sun, and, standing in the sky, he looked at Rama and said, "Make friendship (sakhya) with Sugriva!"

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Kabandha) (he, that (masculine))

• तत् (tat) - that (previous) form (that, it)

• कबन्धः (kabandhaḥ) - Kabandha (Kabandha (a proper noun, name of a Rākṣasa))

• प्रतिपद्य (pratipadya) - having regained (having obtained, having regained, having acquired)

• रूपम् (rūpam) - his (original) form (form, shape, appearance)

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - endowed with (covered, surrounded, endowed with)

• श्रिया (śriyā) - by splendor (by splendor, by wealth, by prosperity)

• भास्करतुल्यदेहः (bhāskaratulyadehaḥ) - with a body like the sun (having a body like the sun)

• निदर्शयन् (nidarśayan) - pointing out (the path, implicitly) (showing, displaying, pointing out)

• रामम् (rāmam) - Rama (Rama (accusative singular))

• अवेक्ष्य (avekṣya) - having looked at (having looked at, having seen, having observed)

• खस्थः (khasthaḥ) - standing in the sky (standing in the sky, celestial)

• सख्यम् (sakhyam) - friendship

• कुरुष्व (kuruṣva) - make (friendship) (do, make, perform (imperative))

• इति (iti) - marking the end of a quote, "thus" (thus, so, in this manner)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• अभ्युवाच (abhyuvāca) - he said (he spoke, he said)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Kabandha) (he, that (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Note: Refers to Kabandha.

तत् (tat) - that (previous) form (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Modifies 'rūpam'.

कबन्धः (kabandhaḥ) - Kabandha (Kabandha (a proper noun, name of a Rākṣasa))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kabandha

kabandha - name of a headless Rākṣasa

Note: Subject of the sentence.

प्रतिपद्य (pratipadya) - having regained (having obtained, having regained, having acquired)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root 'pad' (to go) with prefix 'prati'

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (prati+padya)

• prati – towards, against, in return
  indeclinable
  prefix
• padya – having gone, having attained
  indeclinable
  Absolutive
  From root 'pad' (to go)
  Root: pad (class 4)

रूपम् (rūpam) - his (original) form (form, shape, appearance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, appearance, beauty

Note: Object of 'pratipadya'.

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - endowed with (covered, surrounded, endowed with)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - covered, surrounded, chosen, endowed with

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vṛ' (to cover, choose)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Modifies 'kabandhaḥ'.

श्रिया (śriyā) - by splendor (by splendor, by wealth, by prosperity)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of śrī

śrī - splendor, glory, prosperity, wealth, beauty

Note: The means by which he was 'endowed'.

भास्करतुल्यदेहः (bhāskaratulyadehaḥ) - with a body like the sun (having a body like the sun)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāskaratulyadeha

bhāskaratulyadeha - one whose body is like the sun

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhāskara+tulya+deha)

• bhāskara – sun, sun-god
  noun (masculine)
  'Light-maker', from bhās (light) + kara (maker).
• tulya – like, equal to, similar
  adjective (masculine)
• deha – body
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'kabandhaḥ'.

निदर्शयन् (nidarśayan) - pointing out (the path, implicitly) (showing, displaying, pointing out)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nidarśayat

nidarśayat - showing, displaying, pointing out

Present Active Participle

From root 'dṛś' (to see) with prefix 'ni', in causative stem 'darśay', forming present active participle (nominative singular masculine).

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (ni+darśayat)

• ni – down, into, certainly
  indeclinable
  prefix
• darśayat – showing, causing to see
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle (causative)
  From causative stem of root 'dṛś' (to see) + -at suffix.
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Present active participle, modifying 'kabandhaḥ'.

रामम् (rāmam) - Rama (Rama (accusative singular))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of the protagonist)

Note: Object of 'avekṣya'.

अवेक्ष्य (avekṣya) - having looked at (having looked at, having seen, having observed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root 'īkṣ' (to see) with prefix 'ava'

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (ava+īkṣya)

• ava – down, off, away
  indeclinable
  prefix
• īkṣya – having seen
  indeclinable
  Absolutive
  From root 'īkṣ' (to see) + -ya suffix.
  Root: īkṣ (class 1)

खस्थः (khasthaḥ) - standing in the sky (standing in the sky, celestial)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of khastha

khastha - standing in the sky, celestial, aerial

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (kha+stha)

• kha – sky, space, ether
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, staying, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'sthā' (to stand), suffix '-a'.
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'kabandhaḥ'.

सख्यम् (sakhyam) - friendship

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sakhya

sakhya - friendship

Derived from 'sakhi' (friend).

Note: Object of 'kuruṣva'.

कुरुष्व (kuruṣva) - make (friendship) (do, make, perform (imperative))

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Imperative Mood

2nd person singular, Ātmanepada, लोट् (loṭ) lakāra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

इति (iti) - marking the end of a quote, "thus" (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

From 'tad' (that) + adverbial suffix '-dā'.

अभ्युवाच (abhyuvāca) - he said (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of abhyuvāca

Perfect Mood

3rd person singular, Parasmaipada, लिट् (liṭ) lakāra, from root 'vac' with prefix 'abhi'.

Prefix: abhi

Root: vac (class 2)

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (abhi+uvāca)

• abhi – to, towards, over
  indeclinable
  prefix
• uvāca – he said (perfect tense)
  verb
  Perfect Mood
  3rd person singular, Parasmaipada, लिट् (liṭ) lakāra of root 'vac'.
  Root: vac (class 2)