वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-47, verse-31

हंससारससंघुष्टां वन्दे गोदावरीं नदीम् ।
क्षिप्रं रामाय शंसध्वं सीतां हरति रावणः ॥३१॥

31. haṃsasārasasaṃghuṣṭāṃ vande godāvarīṃ nadīm ,
kṣipraṃ rāmāya śaṃsadhvaṃ sītāṃ harati rāvaṇaḥ.

31. haṃsasārasasaṃghuṣṭām vande godāvarīm nadīm |
kṣipram rāmāya śaṃsadhvam sītām harati rāvaṇaḥ

31. haṃsasārasasaṃghuṣṭām godāvarīm nadīm vande
kṣipram rāmāya sītām rāvaṇaḥ harati iti śaṃsadhvam

31. I salute the Godavari river, which resounds with swans and sarus cranes. Quickly tell Rama: "Ravana is carrying away Sita."

Words meanings summery:

• हंससारससंघुष्टाम् (haṁsasārasasaṁghuṣṭām) - resounding with swans and sarus cranes; filled with the cries of swans and sarus cranes

• वन्दे (vande) - I salute; I bow down to; I praise

• गोदावरीम् (godāvarīm) - Godavari (river)

• नदीम् (nadīm) - river

• क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

• रामाय (rāmāya) - to Rama; for Rama

• शंसध्वम् (śaṁsadhvam) - tell, announce, report (you plural)

• सीताम् (sītām) - Sita (Rama's wife)

• हरति (harati) - he carries away, he takes away, he steals

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Ravana (the demon king)

Words meanings and morphology

हंससारससंघुष्टाम् (haṁsasārasasaṁghuṣṭām) - resounding with swans and sarus cranes; filled with the cries of swans and sarus cranes

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of haṃsasārasasaṃghuṣṭa

haṁsasārasasaṁghuṣṭa - resounding with swans and sarus cranes; filled with the cries of swans and sarus cranes

Past Passive Participle

Compound formed from 'haṃsasārasa' (swans and sarus cranes) and 'saṃghuṣṭa' (resounded), indicating 'resounded by'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (haṃsa+sārasa+saṃghuṣṭa)

• haṃsa – swan; goose
  noun (masculine)
• sārasa – sarus crane
  noun (masculine)
• saṃghuṣṭa – sounded, resounded, noisy, filled with sound
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root 'ghuṣ' (to sound) with the prefix 'sam'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'godāvarīm' and 'nadīm'.

वन्दे (vande) - I salute; I bow down to; I praise

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vand

Present Tense, Middle Voice (Ātmanepada)

First conjugation verb (Bhvādi class).

Root: vand (class 1)

गोदावरीम् (godāvarīm) - Godavari (river)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of godāvarī

godāvarī - The Godavari river (a proper noun)

Feminine proper noun ending in -ī.

Note: Object of 'vande'.

नदीम् (nadīm) - river

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nadī

nadī - river, stream

Feminine noun ending in -ī.

Note: Appositional noun modifying 'godāvarīm'.

क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

(indeclinable)

In the neuter accusative singular form, functions as an adverb.

Root: kṣip (class 6)

Note: Adverb modifying 'śaṃsadhvam'.

रामाय (rāmāya) - to Rama; for Rama

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a proper noun, a name of an incarnation of Vishnu)

Masculine proper noun ending in -a.

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Indicates the recipient of the message.

शंसध्वम् (śaṁsadhvam) - tell, announce, report (you plural)

(verb)

2nd person , plural, middle, imperative (loṭ) of śaṃs

Imperative Mood, Middle Voice (Ātmanepada)

Second person plural imperative, first conjugation verb (Bhvādi class).

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

सीताम् (sītām) - Sita (Rama's wife)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sita (a proper noun, wife of Rama)

Feminine proper noun ending in -ā.

Note: Object of 'harati'.

हरति (harati) - he carries away, he takes away, he steals

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of hṛ

Present Tense, Active Voice (Parasmaipada)

Third person singular present tense, first conjugation verb (Bhvādi class).

Root: hṛ (class 1)

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Ravana (the demon king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Ravana (a proper noun, antagonist in the Ramayana)

Masculine proper noun ending in -a.

Root: ru (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'harati'.