वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-47, verse-25

ननु नामाविनीतानां विनेतासि परंतप ।
कथमेवंविधं पापं न त्वं शाधि हि रावणम् ॥२५॥

25. nanu nāmāvinītānāṃ vinetāsi paraṃtapa ,
kathamevaṃvidhaṃ pāpaṃ na tvaṃ śādhi hi rāvaṇam.

25. nanu nāma avinītānām vinetā asi paraṃtapa katham
evamvidham pāpam na tvam śādhi hi rāvaṇam

25. paraṃtapa nanu nāma avinītānām vinetā asi tvam
katham evamvidham pāpam hi rāvaṇam na śādhi

25. Surely, O tormentor of foes, you are indeed known as the discipliner of the undisciplined! How, then, do you not punish Ravana for such an evil deed?

Words meanings summery:

• ननु (nanu) - surely, indeed, isn't it?

• नाम (nāma) - (you are) indeed (known) (indeed, by name, it is said)

• अविनीतानाम् (avinītānām) - of the undisciplined, of the ill-behaved

• विनेता (vinetā) - discipliner, punisher, trainer

• असि (asi) - you are

• परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O Rama (O tormentor of foes)

• कथम् (katham) - how, why

• एवम्विधम् (evamvidham) - such, of this kind

• पापम् (pāpam) - sin, evil, wickedness

• न (na) - not

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• शाधि (śādhi) - punish, discipline, instruct

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - Ravana

Words meanings and morphology

ननु (nanu) - surely, indeed, isn't it?

(indeclinable)

नाम (nāma) - (you are) indeed (known) (indeed, by name, it is said)

(indeclinable)

अविनीतानाम् (avinītānām) - of the undisciplined, of the ill-behaved

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of avinīta

avinīta - undisciplined, ill-behaved, ill-trained

Past Passive Participle

Negative prefix 'a' + vi-√nī (to train, discipline)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vinīta)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• vinīta – well-trained, disciplined, modest
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from vi-√nī
  Prefix: vi
  Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Acts as a noun here.

विनेता (vinetā) - discipliner, punisher, trainer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vinetṛ

vinetṛ - discipliner, instructor, punisher

agent noun

Derived from vi-√nī (to train, discipline) with agent suffix -tṛ

Prefix: vi

Root: nī (class 1)

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of as

present indicative

Root verb as, 2nd class, Parasmaipada, present tense

Root: as (class 2)

परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O Rama (O tormentor of foes)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - scorcher of enemies, tormentor of foes

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+tapa)

• para – other, enemy
  noun (masculine)
• tapa – scorcher, tormentor (from √tap)
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  from √tap (to heat, torment)
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: A common epithet for warriors, here for Rama.

कथम् (katham) - how, why

(indeclinable)

एवम्विधम् (evamvidham) - such, of this kind

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of evamvidha

evamvidha - of such a kind, suchlike

Compound type : avyayībhāva (evam+vidha)

• evam – thus, so
  indeclinable
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)

पापम् (pāpam) - sin, evil, wickedness

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - evil, sin, wicked deed

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

शाधि (śādhi) - punish, discipline, instruct

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śās

imperative

Root verb śās, 2nd class, Parasmaipada, imperative mood

Root: śās (class 2)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - Ravana

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Ravana (demon king)

Note: Object of 'śādhi'.