वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-45, verse-9

इति ब्रुवाणां कैकेयीं श्वशुरो मे स मानदः ।
अयाचतार्थैरन्वर्थैर्न च याच्ञां चकार सा ॥९॥

9. iti bruvāṇāṃ kaikeyīṃ śvaśuro me sa mānadaḥ ,
ayācatārthairanvarthairna ca yācñāṃ cakāra sā.

9. iti bruvāṇām kaikeyīm śvaśuraḥ me saḥ mānadaḥ
ayācata arthaiḥ anvarthaiḥ na ca yācñām cakāra sā

9. me saḥ mānadaḥ śvaśuraḥ iti bruvāṇām kaikeyīm anvarthaiḥ arthaiḥ ayācata,
sā ca yācñām na cakāra

9. My father-in-law (King Daśaratha), that giver of honor, begged Kaikeyi, who was speaking thus, with appropriate and meaningful arguments, but she did not give up her demand.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus (referring to Kaikeyi's previous statement) (thus, so, in this manner)

• ब्रुवाणाम् (bruvāṇām) - who was speaking (Kaikeyi) (speaking, saying)

• कैकेयीम् (kaikeyīm) - Queen Kaikeyi (Kaikeyi (accusative))

• श्वशुरः (śvaśuraḥ) - King Daśaratha (father-in-law to the speaker, likely Sītā or Lakṣmaṇa) (father-in-law)

• मे (me) - my (referring to the speaker's father-in-law) (my, of me, to me)

• सः (saḥ) - that (referring to the mentioned father-in-law) (he, that)

• मानदः (mānadaḥ) - (King Daśaratha) who bestows honor/respect (giver of honor, respectful, conferring respect)

• अयाचत (ayācata) - King Daśaratha begged (he begged, he requested)

• अर्थैः (arthaiḥ) - with meaningful arguments/words (by meanings, by words, by wealth, by reasons)

• अन्वर्थैः (anvarthaiḥ) - appropriate and meaningful (arguments) (appropriate, suitable, meaningful, significant)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• च (ca) - but (linking clauses) (and, also)

• याच्ञाम् (yācñām) - her request/demand (request, begging, petition)

• चकार (cakāra) - she made (her request), implying she persisted in her demand (he/she/it did, made)

• सा (sā) - she (Kaikeyi) (she, that (feminine nominative singular))

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus (referring to Kaikeyi's previous statement) (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

ब्रुवाणाम् (bruvāṇām) - who was speaking (Kaikeyi) (speaking, saying)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bruvat

bruvat - speaking, saying

present active participle

root 'brū' (to speak) + suffix '-āna' (for ātmanepada participles)

Root: brū (class 2)

कैकेयीम् (kaikeyīm) - Queen Kaikeyi (Kaikeyi (accusative))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kaikeyī

kaikeyī - Kaikeyi

श्वशुरः (śvaśuraḥ) - King Daśaratha (father-in-law to the speaker, likely Sītā or Lakṣmaṇa) (father-in-law)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śvaśura

śvaśura - father-in-law

मे (me) - my (referring to the speaker's father-in-law) (my, of me, to me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, me

Note: Enclitic form of the first person pronoun.

सः (saḥ) - that (referring to the mentioned father-in-law) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

मानदः (mānadaḥ) - (King Daśaratha) who bestows honor/respect (giver of honor, respectful, conferring respect)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mānada

mānada - giver of honor, respectful

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (māna+da)

• māna – honor, respect, pride
  noun (masculine)
• da – giving, bestowing
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun suffix
  from root 'dā' (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)

अयाचत (ayācata) - King Daśaratha begged (he begged, he requested)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of yāc

Imperfect tense, Atmanepada, 3rd person singular

Root: yāc (class 1)

अर्थैः (arthaiḥ) - with meaningful arguments/words (by meanings, by words, by wealth, by reasons)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of artha

artha - meaning, purpose, wealth, reason, thing

Note: In this context, often translated as 'reasons', 'arguments', or 'meaningful words'.

अन्वर्थैः (anvarthaiḥ) - appropriate and meaningful (arguments) (appropriate, suitable, meaningful, significant)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of anvartha

anvartha - appropriate, suitable, meaningful, significant

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (anu+artha)

• anu – after, along, according to
  indeclinable
• artha – meaning, purpose
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'arthaiḥ'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - but (linking clauses) (and, also)

(indeclinable)

याच्ञाम् (yācñām) - her request/demand (request, begging, petition)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of yācñā

yācñā - request, begging, petition, demand

action noun from root 'yāc'

Root: yāc (class 1)

चकार (cakāra) - she made (her request), implying she persisted in her demand (he/she/it did, made)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of kṛ

Perfect tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Often used with a noun in the accusative to form a periphrastic verb phrase, e.g., 'yācñāṃ cakāra' = she made a request/demand.

सा (sā) - she (Kaikeyi) (she, that (feminine nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

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