वाल्मीकि-रामायणम्
vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam
-
book-3, chapter-33, verse-32
एकपादेन धर्मात्मा भक्षयित्वा तदामिषम् ।
निषादविषयं हत्वा शाखया पतगोत्तमः ।
प्रहर्षमतुलं लेभे मोक्षयित्वा महामुनीन् ॥३२॥
निषादविषयं हत्वा शाखया पतगोत्तमः ।
प्रहर्षमतुलं लेभे मोक्षयित्वा महामुनीन् ॥३२॥
32. ekapādena dharmātmā bhakṣayitvā tadāmiṣam ,
niṣādaviṣayaṃ hatvā śākhayā patagottamaḥ ,
praharṣamatulaṃ lebhe mokṣayitvā mahāmunīn.
niṣādaviṣayaṃ hatvā śākhayā patagottamaḥ ,
praharṣamatulaṃ lebhe mokṣayitvā mahāmunīn.
32.
ekapādena dharmātmā bhakṣayitvā
tat āmiṣam niṣādaviṣayam hatvā
śākhayā patagottamaḥ praharṣam
atulam lebhe mokṣayitvā mahāmunīn
tat āmiṣam niṣādaviṣayam hatvā
śākhayā patagottamaḥ praharṣam
atulam lebhe mokṣayitvā mahāmunīn
32.
dharmātmā patagottamaḥ ekapādena tat āmiṣam bhakṣayitvā,
śākhayā niṣādaviṣayam hatvā,
mahāmunīn mokṣayitvā,
atulam praharṣam lebhe
śākhayā niṣādaviṣayam hatvā,
mahāmunīn mokṣayitvā,
atulam praharṣam lebhe
32.
The best of birds, Garuḍa, whose intrinsic nature (dharma) was righteousness, having consumed that flesh with one foot, and having caused destruction in the Niṣāda region by dropping the branch there, attained incomparable great joy (praharṣa) after liberating the great sages.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- एकपादेन (ekapādena) - with one foot, on one leg
- धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - the righteous Garuḍa (whose soul is righteousness, righteous-souled, virtuous)
- भक्षयित्वा (bhakṣayitvā) - having consumed (having eaten, having devoured)
- तत् (tat) - that (referring to the elephant-tortoise which is his prey) (that)
- आमिषम् (āmiṣam) - the flesh/prey (of the elephant and tortoise) (flesh, prey, meat)
- निषादविषयम् (niṣādaviṣayam) - the forest region inhabited by the Niṣādas (tribal people) (the region/territory of the Niṣādas)
- हत्वा (hatvā) - having struck down, having caused destruction (by dropping the branch) (having killed, having struck, having destroyed)
- शाखया (śākhayā) - by the branch, with the branch
- पतगोत्तमः (patagottamaḥ) - Garuḍa, who is the best of birds (the best of birds)
- प्रहर्षम् (praharṣam) - great joy, delight
- अतुलम् (atulam) - incomparable, unequalled
- लेभे (lebhe) - he obtained, he gained
- मोक्षयित्वा (mokṣayitvā) - having freed (having liberated, having caused to be free)
- महामुनीन् (mahāmunīn) - the great sages (Vaikhānasa etc. from verse 1) (great sages)
Words meanings and morphology
एकपादेन (ekapādena) - with one foot, on one leg
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of ekapāda
ekapāda - one-footed, having one leg
eka (one) + pāda (foot, leg)
Compound type : bahuvrihi (eka+pāda)
- eka – one, single, unique
numeral (masculine) - pāda – foot, leg, quarter, ray
noun (masculine)
Note: Refers to Garuḍa acting with one foot.
धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - the righteous Garuḍa (whose soul is righteousness, righteous-souled, virtuous)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmātman
dharmātman - whose soul or intrinsic nature (dharma) is righteousness, virtuous, pious
compound dharma (constitution/natural law) + ātman (soul/self)
Compound type : bahuvrihi (dharma+ātman)
- dharma – intrinsic nature, natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty
noun (masculine)
derived from root dhṛ (to uphold, support)
Root: dhṛ (class 1) - ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, mind
noun (masculine)
Root: an (class 2)
Note: Nominative singular, referring to Garuḍa.
भक्षयित्वा (bhakṣayitvā) - having consumed (having eaten, having devoured)
(indeclinable)
absolutive / gerund
formed from the causative stem bhakṣaya + tvā (absolutive suffix)
Root: bhaj (class 1)
तत् (tat) - that (referring to the elephant-tortoise which is his prey) (that)
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, it
आमिषम् (āmiṣam) - the flesh/prey (of the elephant and tortoise) (flesh, prey, meat)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of āmiṣa
āmiṣa - flesh, meat, prey, sensual object
निषादविषयम् (niṣādaviṣayam) - the forest region inhabited by the Niṣādas (tribal people) (the region/territory of the Niṣādas)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of niṣādaviṣaya
niṣādaviṣaya - region of the Niṣādas (a tribal/hunter caste)
compound niṣāda (name of a tribal caste) + viṣaya (region, domain)
Compound type : tatpurusha (niṣāda+viṣaya)
- niṣāda – a member of a low or tribal caste, a hunter, fisherman
noun (masculine)
Prefix: ni
Root: sad (class 1) - viṣaya – region, domain, sphere, object of sense
noun (masculine)
Note: Object of 'hatvā'.
हत्वा (hatvā) - having struck down, having caused destruction (by dropping the branch) (having killed, having struck, having destroyed)
(indeclinable)
absolutive / gerund
root han + tvā (absolutive suffix)
Root: han (class 2)
शाखया (śākhayā) - by the branch, with the branch
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of śākhā
śākhā - branch, bough, arm
पतगोत्तमः (patagottamaḥ) - Garuḍa, who is the best of birds (the best of birds)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of patagottama
patagottama - best among birds, chief of birds
compound pataga (bird) + uttama (best)
Compound type : tatpurusha (pataga+uttama)
- pataga – bird, one who flies
noun (masculine)
pata (flying) + ga (going)
Root: pat (class 1) - uttama – best, highest, supreme, excellent
adjective (masculine)
superlative degree of ud (up)
Note: Nominative singular, referring to Garuḍa.
प्रहर्षम् (praharṣam) - great joy, delight
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of praharṣa
praharṣa - great joy, delight, ecstasy
pra- (prefix) + harṣa (joy)
Prefix: pra
Root: hṛṣ (class 1)
अतुलम् (atulam) - incomparable, unequalled
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of atula
atula - unequalled, incomparable, matchless
a- (negation) + tula (equal, balance)
Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+tula)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable
negating prefix - tula – equal, balance, comparison
noun (masculine)
Root: tul (class 10)
लेभे (lebhe) - he obtained, he gained
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of labh
perfect middle indicative
Reduplicated perfect form (ātmanepada)
Root: labh (class 1)
मोक्षयित्वा (mokṣayitvā) - having freed (having liberated, having caused to be free)
(indeclinable)
absolutive / gerund (causative stem)
formed from the causative stem mokṣaya + tvā (absolutive suffix)
Root: muc (class 6)
महामुनीन् (mahāmunīn) - the great sages (Vaikhānasa etc. from verse 1) (great sages)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of mahāmunin
mahāmunin - a great sage, a great ascetic
compound mahā (great) + muni (sage)
Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+muni)
- mahā – great, large, mighty
adjective (feminine)
from mahat (great) - muni – sage, ascetic, silent one
noun (masculine)
Root: man (class 4)