वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-33, verse-27

अनूपं सिन्धुराजस्य ददर्श त्रिदिवोपमम् ।
तत्रापश्यत् स मेघाभं न्यग्रोधमृषिभिर्वृतम् ॥२७॥

27. anūpaṃ sindhurājasya dadarśa tridivopamam ,
tatrāpaśyat sa meghābhaṃ nyagrodhamṛṣibhirvṛtam.

27. anūpaṃ sindhurājasya dadarśa tridivopamam tatra
apaśyat saḥ meghābham nyagrodham ṛṣibhiḥ vṛtam

27. saḥ sindhurājasya tridivopamam anūpaṃ dadarśa.
tatra saḥ meghābham ṛṣibhiḥ vṛtam nyagrodham apaśyat.

27. (He) then beheld the marshy region (anūpa) of the King of Sindhu, which was comparable to heaven. There, he saw a banyan tree, cloud-like in appearance, surrounded by sages.

Words meanings summery:

• अनूपं (anūpaṁ) - marshy region (marshy land, watery region, low ground)

• सिन्धुराजस्य (sindhurājasya) - of the King of Sindhu (of the king of Sindhu; of the lord of the ocean/river)

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - he beheld (he saw, he beheld)

• त्रिदिवोपमम् (tridivopamam) - comparable to heaven (comparable to heaven, heavenly)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (in the marshy region) (there, in that place)

• अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - he saw (he saw, he beheld)

• सः (saḥ) - he (the observer) (he, that)

• मेघाभम् (meghābham) - cloud-like in appearance (cloud-like, cloud-resembling)

• न्यग्रोधम् (nyagrodham) - banyan tree (banyan tree, Ficus indica)

• ऋषिभिः (ṛṣibhiḥ) - by sages (by sages, with sages)

• वृतम् (vṛtam) - surrounded (surrounded, covered, chosen)

Words meanings and morphology

अनूपं (anūpaṁ) - marshy region (marshy land, watery region, low ground)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anūpa

anūpa - marshy land, watery region, low ground

Note: Object of 'dadarśa'.

सिन्धुराजस्य (sindhurājasya) - of the King of Sindhu (of the king of Sindhu; of the lord of the ocean/river)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sindhurāja

sindhurāja - king of Sindhu, lord of the ocean/river

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (sindhu+rājan)

• sindhu – river, Indus river, ocean, a region/people named Sindhu
  noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Possessive, modifies 'anūpaṃ'.

ददर्श (dadarśa) - he beheld (he saw, he beheld)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of darś

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Reduplicated past tense (Liṭ lakāra); the root dṛś changes to darś.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Its subject is implied (the observer).

त्रिदिवोपमम् (tridivopamam) - comparable to heaven (comparable to heaven, heavenly)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tridivopama

tridivopama - comparable to heaven, resembling heaven

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (tridiva+upama)

• tridiva – heaven, sky
  noun (neuter)
• upama – comparison, simile, resembling
  noun (feminine)

Note: Modifies 'anūpaṃ'.

तत्र (tatra) - there (in the marshy region) (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Locative adverb formed from 'tad'.

Note: Refers to the 'anūpaṃ'.

अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - he saw (he saw, he beheld)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of paśyat

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular

Derived from root √dṛś (to see), with augment 'a-' for imperfect. dṛś becomes paśya in present stem.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'saḥ'.

सः (saḥ) - he (the observer) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of 'apaśyat'.

मेघाभम् (meghābham) - cloud-like in appearance (cloud-like, cloud-resembling)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of meghābha

meghābha - cloud-like, having the luster/appearance of a cloud

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (megha+ābhā)

• megha – cloud
  noun (masculine)
  Root: mih (class 1)
• ābhā – luster, splendor, light, appearance
  noun (feminine)
  From ā- + √bhā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'nyagrodham'.

न्यग्रोधम् (nyagrodham) - banyan tree (banyan tree, Ficus indica)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nyagrodha

nyagrodha - banyan tree

Literally, 'growing downwards' due to aerial roots. From ni- (down) + √ruh (grow).

Prefix: ni

Root: ruh (class 1)

Note: Object of 'apaśyat'.

ऋषिभिः (ṛṣibhiḥ) - by sages (by sages, with sages)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'vṛtam'.

वृतम् (vṛtam) - surrounded (surrounded, covered, chosen)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - surrounded, covered, chosen, appointed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √vṛ (to cover, to surround, to choose)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Accusative singular masculine, modifying 'nyagrodham'.