वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-33, verse-26

हस्त्यश्वरथगाढानि नगराण्यवलोकयन् ।
तं समं सर्वतः स्निग्धं मृदुसंस्पर्शमारुतम् ॥२६॥

26. hastyaśvarathagāḍhāni nagarāṇyavalokayan ,
taṃ samaṃ sarvataḥ snigdhaṃ mṛdusaṃsparśamārutam.

26. hastyaśvarathagāḍhāni nagarāṇi avalokayan tam
samam sarvataḥ snigdham mṛdusaṃsparśamārutaṃ

26. hastyaśvarathagāḍhāni nagarāṇi avalokayan,
tam samam sarvataḥ snigdham mṛdusaṃsparśamārutaṃ

26. Observing cities crowded with elephants, horses, and chariots, (he perceived) that mild wind, pleasant and soft to the touch, uniformly present on all sides.

Words meanings summery:

• हस्त्यश्वरथगाढानि (hastyaśvarathagāḍhāni) - filled with elephants, horses, and chariots (crowded with elephants, horses, and chariots; filled with elephants, horses, and chariots)

• नगराणि (nagarāṇi) - cities (cities, towns)

• अवलोकयन् (avalokayan) - observing (observing, looking at, perceiving)

• तम् (tam) - that (referring to the wind described) (that, him)

• समम् (samam) - uniformly, equally (equal, even, alike, uniform)

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - on all sides, from all directions (from all sides, everywhere)

• स्निग्धम् (snigdham) - mild, pleasant (mild, pleasant, affectionate, greasy, smooth)

• मृदुसंस्पर्शमारुतं (mṛdusaṁsparśamārutaṁ) - wind, soft to the touch (wind with a soft touch, soft-touching wind)

Words meanings and morphology

हस्त्यश्वरथगाढानि (hastyaśvarathagāḍhāni) - filled with elephants, horses, and chariots (crowded with elephants, horses, and chariots; filled with elephants, horses, and chariots)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of hastyaśvarathagāḍha

hastyaśvarathagāḍha - crowded with elephants, horses, and chariots

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (hastin+aśva+ratha+gāḍha)

• hastin – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• gāḍha – crowded, deep, intense, firm
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √gāh (to plunge, enter deeply)
  Root: gāh (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'nagarāṇi'.

नगराणि (nagarāṇi) - cities (cities, towns)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of nagara

nagara - city, town

Note: Object of 'avalokayan'.

अवलोकयन् (avalokayan) - observing (observing, looking at, perceiving)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avalokayant

avalokayant - observing, looking at

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √lok (to see) with prefix ava- (down, away)

Prefix: ava

Root: lok (class 10)

Note: Refers to the implied subject of the sentence.

तम् (tam) - that (referring to the wind described) (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'mārutaṃ' (wind) and implicitly links to the 'anūpaṃ' (marshy region) from verse 116638.

समम् (samam) - uniformly, equally (equal, even, alike, uniform)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sama

sama - equal, same, uniform, level

Note: Adverbially modifies how the wind is 'snigdham' and 'mṛdusaṃsparśam'.

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - on all sides, from all directions (from all sides, everywhere)

(indeclinable)

Formed with the suffix 'tas' from 'sarva'.

स्निग्धम् (snigdham) - mild, pleasant (mild, pleasant, affectionate, greasy, smooth)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of snigdha

snigdha - mild, pleasant, tender, sleek, sticky, oily

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √snih (to be sticky, to be affectionate)

Root: snih (class 4)

Note: Accusative singular masculine, modifying 'mārutaṃ'.

मृदुसंस्पर्शमारुतं (mṛdusaṁsparśamārutaṁ) - wind, soft to the touch (wind with a soft touch, soft-touching wind)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛdusaṃsparśamāruta

mṛdusaṁsparśamāruta - wind with a soft touch

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (mṛdu+saṃsparśa+māruta)

• mṛdu – soft, tender, mild
  adjective (masculine)
• saṃsparśa – touch, contact, sensation
  noun (masculine)
  From sam- + √spṛś
  Prefix: sam
  Root: spṛś (class 6)
• māruta – wind, air, deity of wind
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from marut
  Root: mṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of implied verb in the preceding verse, and then specified by 'tam'.