वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-33, verse-31

तेषां दयार्थं गरुडस्तां शाखां शतयोजनाम् ।
जगामादाय वेगेन तौ चोभौ गजकच्छपौ ॥३१॥

31. teṣāṃ dayārthaṃ garuḍastāṃ śākhāṃ śatayojanām ,
jagāmādāya vegena tau cobhau gajakacchapau.

31. teṣām dayārtham garuḍaḥ tām śākhām śatayojanām
jagāmādāya vegena tau ca ubhau gajakacchapau

31. garuḍaḥ teṣām dayārtham tām śatayojanām śākhām
ca tau ubhau gajakacchapau vegena ādāya jagāma

31. Out of compassion for them, Garuḍa swiftly took that branch, which was a hundred yojanas long, along with both the elephant and the tortoise.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - for them (referring to the great sages) (of them, for them)

• दयार्थम् (dayārtham) - out of compassion (for the sages) (for the sake of compassion, for pity)

• गरुडः (garuḍaḥ) - Garuḍa (mythical bird-king)

• ताम् (tām) - that (referring to the branch) (that (feminine))

• शाखाम् (śākhām) - branch

• शतयोजनाम् (śatayojanām) - a hundred yojanas long

• जगाम (jagāma) - he went (after taking) (he went)

• आदाय (ādāya) - taking, carrying (having taken, taking)

• वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, swiftly

• तौ (tau) - those two (referring to the elephant and tortoise) (those two (masculine/neuter))

• च (ca) - and

• उभौ (ubhau) - both (masculine)

• गजकच्छपौ (gajakacchapau) - (the famous) elephant and tortoise (Garuda's prey) (the elephant and the tortoise)

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - for them (referring to the great sages) (of them, for them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Possessive or dative sense.

दयार्थम् (dayārtham) - out of compassion (for the sages) (for the sake of compassion, for pity)

(indeclinable)

compound dayā (compassion) + artha (purpose, sake)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dayā+artha)

• dayā – compassion, pity, mercy
  noun (feminine)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, sake
  noun (masculine)

Note: Functions as an adverbial phrase.

गरुडः (garuḍaḥ) - Garuḍa (mythical bird-king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of garuḍa

garuḍa - Garuḍa, the king of birds, vehicle of Vishnu

Note: Subject of the sentence.

ताम् (tām) - that (referring to the branch) (that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Object of 'ādāya'.

शाखाम् (śākhām) - branch

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śākhā

śākhā - branch, bough, arm

शतयोजनाम् (śatayojanām) - a hundred yojanas long

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śatayojana

śatayojana - measuring a hundred yojanas

compound śata (hundred) + yojana (a measure of distance)

Compound type : tatpurusha (śata+yojana)

• śata – hundred
  numeral (neuter)
• yojana – a measure of distance (approx 8-10 miles), a stage, journey
  noun (neuter)
  derived from root yuj (to yoke, join)
  Root: yuj (class 7)

जगाम (jagāma) - he went (after taking) (he went)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of gam

perfect active indicative

Reduplicated perfect form

Root: gam (class 1)

आदाय (ādāya) - taking, carrying (having taken, taking)

(indeclinable)

absolutive / gerund

ā- (prefix) + dā (root) + ya (absolutive suffix)

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, swiftly

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, force, impulse

derived from root vij (to move rapidly)

Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Adverbial use.

तौ (tau) - those two (referring to the elephant and tortoise) (those two (masculine/neuter))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

उभौ (ubhau) - both (masculine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Always occurs in dual forms.

गजकच्छपौ (gajakacchapau) - (the famous) elephant and tortoise (Garuda's prey) (the elephant and the tortoise)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of gajakacchapa

gajakacchapa - an elephant and a tortoise

dvandva compound of gaja (elephant) and kacchapa (tortoise)

Compound type : dvandva (gaja+kacchapa)

• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• kacchapa – tortoise, turtle
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'ādāya'.