मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-124, verse-23
तस्मिञ्जाते महावीर्ये गन्धर्वाणां महोत्सवः ।
बभूव मनुजव्याघ्रे तेन कार्यमवेक्षताम् ॥२३॥
बभूव मनुजव्याघ्रे तेन कार्यमवेक्षताम् ॥२३॥
23. tasmiñjāte mahāvīrye gandharvāṇāṃ mahotsavaḥ .
babhūva manujavyāghre tena kāryamavekṣatām.
babhūva manujavyāghre tena kāryamavekṣatām.
23.
tasmin jāte mahāvīrye gandharvāṇām mahotsavaḥ
babhūva manujavyāghre tena kāryam avekṣatām
babhūva manujavyāghre tena kāryam avekṣatām
23.
Upon the birth of that greatly valiant one, a great festival of the Gandharvas took place. O tiger among men, therefore, let the task be observed.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in him, upon his (birth) (in that, on that, to him, him)
- जाते (jāte) - (when he was) born (born, produced, become, occurred)
- महावीर्ये (mahāvīrye) - of great valor (referring to the newborn) (of great valor, greatly powerful)
- गन्धर्वाणाम् (gandharvāṇām) - of the Gandharvas
- महोत्सवः (mahotsavaḥ) - a great festival (great festival, celebration)
- बभूव (babhūva) - took place, occurred (was, became, occurred, happened)
- मनुजव्याघ्रे (manujavyāghre) - O tiger among men (an address to a hero, e.g., Rama) (O tiger among men, O best of men)
- तेन (tena) - therefore, by that (reason) (by that, with that, therefore)
- कार्यम् (kāryam) - the task (that needs to be done) (work, deed, task, duty, what is to be done)
- अवेक्षताम् (avekṣatām) - let it be observed, let it be considered (referring to the task) (let them observe, let them consider)
Words meanings and morphology
तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in him, upon his (birth) (in that, on that, to him, him)
(pronoun)
Locative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to the newly born hero. The 'n' changes to 'ñ' due to external sandhi before 'jāte' (tasmiñ jāte).
जाते (jāte) - (when he was) born (born, produced, become, occurred)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of jāta
jāta - born, produced, arisen, become
Past Passive Participle
From √jan (to be born, produce)
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Used in locative absolute construction with 'tasmin' and 'mahāvīrye'.
महावीर्ये (mahāvīrye) - of great valor (referring to the newborn) (of great valor, greatly powerful)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of mahāvīrya
mahāvīrya - of great valor, very powerful, mighty
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+vīrya)
- mahā – great, large, mighty
adjective - vīrya – valor, strength, potency, energy
noun (neuter)
Note: Qualifies 'tasmin'.
गन्धर्वाणाम् (gandharvāṇām) - of the Gandharvas
(proper noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of gandharva
gandharva - Gandharva (a class of celestial beings, musicians, and singers)
महोत्सवः (mahotsavaḥ) - a great festival (great festival, celebration)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mahotsava
mahotsava - great festival, great celebration, grand occasion
Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+utsava)
- mahā – great, large, mighty
adjective - utsava – festival, feast, joy, enthusiasm
noun (masculine)
Note: Subject of 'babhūva'.
बभूव (babhūva) - took place, occurred (was, became, occurred, happened)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of √bhū
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Past tense, referring to the event.
मनुजव्याघ्रे (manujavyāghre) - O tiger among men (an address to a hero, e.g., Rama) (O tiger among men, O best of men)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of manujavyāghra
manujavyāghra - tiger among men, best of men, a mighty hero
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (manuja+vyāghra)
- manuja – man, human being
noun (masculine)
Root: man (class 4) - vyāghra – tiger
noun (masculine)
Note: Direct address.
तेन (tena) - therefore, by that (reason) (by that, with that, therefore)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to the event of the great birth and festival.
कार्यम् (kāryam) - the task (that needs to be done) (work, deed, task, duty, what is to be done)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya
kārya - to be done, fit to be done, duty, task, business
Gerundive
From √kṛ (to do, make), suffix -ya
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Subject of the passive imperative 'avekṣatām'.
अवेक्षताम् (avekṣatām) - let it be observed, let it be considered (referring to the task) (let them observe, let them consider)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, ātmanepada, imperative (Lot) of √avekṣ
Prefix: ava
Root: īkṣ (class 1)
Note: Used impersonally in a passive sense here with 'kāryam'.