महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-41, verse-28

तेन कूलापहारेण मैत्रावरुणिरौह्यत ।
उह्यमानश्च तुष्टाव तदा राजन्सरस्वतीम् ॥२८॥

28. tena kūlāpahāreṇa maitrāvaruṇirauhyata ,
uhyamānaśca tuṣṭāva tadā rājansarasvatīm.

28. tena kūla-apahāreṇa maitrāvaruṇiḥ auhyata
uhyamānaḥ ca tuṣṭāva tadā rājan sarasvatīm

28. rājan tadā tena kūla-apahāreṇa maitrāvaruṇiḥ
auhyata ca uhyamānaḥ sarasvatīm tuṣṭāva

28. By that sweeping away of the bank, Maitrāvaruṇi (Vasiṣṭha) was carried off. And as he was being carried away, O king, he then praised Sarasvatī.

Words meanings summery:

• तेन (tena) - by that (sweeping away) (by that, by him, by it)

• कूल-अपहारेण (kūla-apahāreṇa) - by the sweeping away of the river bank (by the carrying away/erosion of the bank)

• मैत्रावरुणिः (maitrāvaruṇiḥ) - Maitrāvaruṇi (the sage Vasiṣṭha) (son of Mitra and Varuṇa (a name for Vasiṣṭha))

• औह्यत (auhyata) - Vasiṣṭha was carried away (he was swept away, he was carried off)

• उह्यमानः (uhyamānaḥ) - while he was being carried away (being carried, being swept away)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तुष्टाव (tuṣṭāva) - he praised (he praised, he eulogized)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that moment (then, at that time)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king (addressing Janamejaya) (O king)

• सरस्वतीम् (sarasvatīm) - Sarasvatī (the object of praise) (Sarasvatī (accusative))

Words meanings and morphology

तेन (tena) - by that (sweeping away) (by that, by him, by it)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Note: Agrees with 'kūla-apahāreṇa'.

कूल-अपहारेण (kūla-apahāreṇa) - by the sweeping away of the river bank (by the carrying away/erosion of the bank)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kūla-apahāra

kūla-apahāra - carrying away of the bank, erosion of the bank

Compound of kūla (bank) and apahāra (carrying away).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kūla+apahāra)

• kūla – bank, shore, river bank
  noun (neuter)
• apahāra – carrying away, seizing, stealing, removing
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from apa-√hṛ (to carry away, remove).
  Prefix: apa
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

मैत्रावरुणिः (maitrāvaruṇiḥ) - Maitrāvaruṇi (the sage Vasiṣṭha) (son of Mitra and Varuṇa (a name for Vasiṣṭha))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maitrāvaruṇi

maitrāvaruṇi - descendant/son of Mitra and Varuṇa; a name of the sage Vasiṣṭha

Patronymic from Mitrāvaruṇa.

Note: Refers to the sage Vasiṣṭha.

औह्यत (auhyata) - Vasiṣṭha was carried away (he was swept away, he was carried off)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, past imperfect (laṅ) of vah

Imperfect Passive

Imperfect 3rd person singular, passive voice, of √vah (1st class, to carry, flow). 'au' is the augment 'a' combined with 'u' in the root.

Root: vah (class 1)

उह्यमानः (uhyamānaḥ) - while he was being carried away (being carried, being swept away)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uhyamāna

uhyamāna - being carried, being borne, being conveyed

Present Passive Participle

Derived from the root √vah (to carry) with the passive marker -ya- and the -śānac suffix.

Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'maitrāvaruṇiḥ'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

तुष्टाव (tuṣṭāva) - he praised (he praised, he eulogized)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of ṣṭu

Perfect

Perfect 3rd person singular of √ṣṭu (2nd class, to praise).

Root: ṣṭu (class 2)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that moment (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

राजन् (rājan) - O king (addressing Janamejaya) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

सरस्वतीम् (sarasvatīm) - Sarasvatī (the object of praise) (Sarasvatī (accusative))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sarasvatī

sarasvatī - Sarasvatī (goddess of knowledge, music, arts, and a sacred river); rich in water