महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-41, verse-1

जनमेजय उवाच ।
वसिष्ठस्यापवाहो वै भीमवेगः कथं नु सः ।
किमर्थं च सरिच्छ्रेष्ठा तमृषिं प्रत्यवाहयत् ॥१॥

1. janamejaya uvāca ,
vasiṣṭhasyāpavāho vai bhīmavegaḥ kathaṁ nu saḥ ,
kimarthaṁ ca saricchreṣṭhā tamṛṣiṁ pratyavāhayat.

1. janamejaya uvāca | vasiṣṭhasya
apavāhaḥ vai bhīma-vegaḥ katham
nu saḥ | kim-artham ca sarit-śreṣṭhā
tam ṛṣim prati-avavāhayat

1. janamejaya uvāca vai saḥ vasiṣṭhasya apavāhaḥ katham nu bhīma-vegaḥ (abhūt)? ca,
sarit-śreṣṭhā kim-artham tam ṛṣim prati-avavāhayat?

1. Janamejaya said: "How, indeed, was Vasiṣṭha's carrier of such dreadful speed? And for what purpose did the best of rivers carry away that sage?"

Words meanings summery:

• जनमेजय (janamejaya) - Janamejaya (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• वसिष्ठस्य (vasiṣṭhasya) - of Vasiṣṭha

• अपवाहः (apavāhaḥ) - the carrier, the carrying away, conveyance

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

• भीम-वेगः (bhīma-vegaḥ) - of dreadful speed, having terrible velocity

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• नु (nu) - indeed, then, now

• सः (saḥ) - that, he

• किम्-अर्थम् (kim-artham) - for what purpose, why

• च (ca) - and, also

• सरित्-श्रेष्ठा (sarit-śreṣṭhā) - the best of rivers

• तम् (tam) - that, him

• ऋषिम् (ṛṣim) - sage, seer

• प्रति-अववाहयत् (prati-avavāhayat) - carried away, caused to be carried away

Words meanings and morphology

जनमेजय (janamejaya) - Janamejaya (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janamejaya

janamejaya - Janamejaya (name of a king, son of Parikṣit)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect indicative (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

वसिष्ठस्य (vasiṣṭhasya) - of Vasiṣṭha

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vasiṣṭha

vasiṣṭha - Vasiṣṭha (name of a revered sage)

अपवाहः (apavāhaḥ) - the carrier, the carrying away, conveyance

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apavāha

apavāha - carrying away, vehicle, conveyance, leading away

Prefix: apa

Root: vah (class 1)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

(indeclinable)

भीम-वेगः (bhīma-vegaḥ) - of dreadful speed, having terrible velocity

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīma-vega

bhīma-vega - having dreadful speed, of terrible velocity

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bhīma+vega)

• bhīma – terrible, dreadful, formidable
  adjective
• vega – speed, velocity, force
  noun (masculine)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

नु (nu) - indeed, then, now

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

किम्-अर्थम् (kim-artham) - for what purpose, why

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kim+artha)

• kim – what, why
  pronoun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सरित्-श्रेष्ठा (sarit-śreṣṭhā) - the best of rivers

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of saritśreṣṭhā

saritśreṣṭhā - the best of rivers, an excellent river

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarit+śreṣṭhā)

• sarit – river, stream
  noun (feminine)
• śreṣṭhā – best, most excellent, superior
  adjective

तम् (tam) - that, him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

ऋषिम् (ṛṣim) - sage, seer

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet, a Vedic hymn composer

प्रति-अववाहयत् (prati-avavāhayat) - carried away, caused to be carried away

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect indicative (laṅ) of pratyavavah

Causative imperfect stem

Imperfect tense, causative form of root vah with prefixes prati and ava

Prefixes: prati+ava

Root: vah (class 1)