महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-7, verse-20

तं कार्मुकमहावेगमस्त्रज्वलितपावकम् ।
द्रोणमासादयां चक्रुः पाञ्चालाः पाण्डवैः सह ॥२०॥

20. taṁ kārmukamahāvegamastrajvalitapāvakam ,
droṇamāsādayāṁ cakruḥ pāñcālāḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ saha.

20. tam kārmukamahāvegam astrajvalitapāvakam
droṇam āsādayām cakruḥ pāñcālāḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ saha

20. pāñcālāḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ saha tam kārmukamahāvegam
astrajvalitapāvakam droṇam āsādayām cakruḥ

20. The Panchalas, together with the Pandavas, attacked Drona, who wielded a bow of tremendous force and whose weapons blazed like fire.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - Drona (him, that)

• कार्मुकमहावेगम् (kārmukamahāvegam) - having a bow of great force/speed

• अस्त्रज्वलितपावकम् (astrajvalitapāvakam) - having weapons blazing like fire, whose weapons are blazing fire

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Drona

• आसादयाम् (āsādayām) - part of periphrastic perfect 'they approached' (having caused to approach)

• चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they accomplished, they attacked (in conjunction with āsādayām) (they did, they made)

• पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - The warriors from the Panchala kingdom. (the Panchalas)

• पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pandavas, with the Pandavas

• सह (saha) - with, together with

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - Drona (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कार्मुकमहावेगम् (kārmukamahāvegam) - having a bow of great force/speed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kārmukamahāvega

kārmukamahāvega - having the great force of a bow, whose bow has great speed

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kārmuka+mahat+vega)

• kārmuka – bow
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from karmuka 'bow' or related to karma 'action'
• mahat – great, mighty
  adjective
• vega – speed, force, velocity
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Modifying Drona.

अस्त्रज्वलितपावकम् (astrajvalitapāvakam) - having weapons blazing like fire, whose weapons are blazing fire

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of astrajvalitapāvaka

astrajvalitapāvaka - whose weapons blaze like fire

Compound type : bahuvrihi (astra+jvalita+pāvaka)

• astra – missile, weapon
  noun (neuter)
• jvalita – blazing, burning, ignited
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √jval (to blaze, burn)
  Root: jval (class 1)
• pāvaka – fire, purifier
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √pū (to purify)
  Root: pū (class 1)

Note: Modifying Drona.

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Drona

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (proper name)

Note: Object of the verb āsādayām cakruḥ.

आसादयाम् (āsādayām) - part of periphrastic perfect 'they approached' (having caused to approach)

(indeclinable)

Causative Absolutive/Gerund (used in periphrastic perfect)

Causative from ā- + √sad, used with cakruḥ to form the periphrastic perfect 'they approached/attacked'.

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Forms the periphrastic perfect with cakruḥ.

चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they accomplished, they attacked (in conjunction with āsādayām) (they did, they made)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of kṛ

Perfect Tense, Plural, 3rd Person, Parasmaipada

Perfect tense, parasmaipada, 3rd person plural.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - The warriors from the Panchala kingdom. (the Panchalas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - a native of Panchala, the Panchala people

Note: Subject of the verb.

पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pandavas, with the Pandavas

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pandu, a Pandava

Note: Used with 'saha'.

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)