महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-7, verse-19

अथास्य बहुशो बाणा निश्चरन्तः सहस्रशः ।
व्याप्य सर्वा दिशः पेतुर्गजाश्वरथपत्तिषु ॥१९॥

19. athāsya bahuśo bāṇā niścarantaḥ sahasraśaḥ ,
vyāpya sarvā diśaḥ peturgajāśvarathapattiṣu.

19. atha asya bahuśaḥ bāṇāḥ niścarantaḥ sahasraśaḥ
vyāpya sarvāḥ diśaḥ petuḥ gajāśvarathapattiṣu

19. atha asya bahuśaḥ sahasraśaḥ niścarantaḥ bāṇāḥ
sarvāḥ diśaḥ vyāpya gajāśvarathapattiṣu petuḥ

19. Then, his arrows, numerous and issuing forth in thousands, covered all directions and fell upon the elephants, horses, chariots, and infantry.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

• अस्य (asya) - Of Drona (his, of this)

• बहुशः (bahuśaḥ) - many (arrows), in great numbers (often, repeatedly, in great numbers)

• बाणाः (bāṇāḥ) - arrows

• निश्चरन्तः (niścarantaḥ) - issuing forth, emerging, going out

• सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands, in thousands

• व्याप्य (vyāpya) - having pervaded, having covered

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions, quarters

• पेतुः (petuḥ) - they fell

• गजाश्वरथपत्तिषु (gajāśvarathapattiṣu) - upon elephants, horses, chariots, and infantry

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - Of Drona (his, of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Can also be genitive singular neuter/feminine, here masculine, referring to Drona.

बहुशः (bahuśaḥ) - many (arrows), in great numbers (often, repeatedly, in great numbers)

(indeclinable)

adverbial form of bahu

बाणाः (bāṇāḥ) - arrows

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

निश्चरन्तः (niścarantaḥ) - issuing forth, emerging, going out

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niścarat

niścarat - issuing forth, coming out

Present Active Participle

Derived from niṣ- + √car (to move, go), present active participle, nominative plural masculine.

Prefix: niṣ

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Modifying bāṇāḥ.

सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands, in thousands

(indeclinable)

adverbial form of sahasra

व्याप्य (vyāpya) - having pervaded, having covered

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Derived from vi- + ā- + √āp (to obtain, reach), absolutive form.

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: āp (class 5)

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Modifying diśaḥ.

दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions, quarters

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter, region

पेतुः (petuḥ) - they fell

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of pat

Perfect Tense, Plural, 3rd Person, Parasmaipada

Perfect tense, parasmaipada, 3rd person plural.

Root: pat (class 1)

गजाश्वरथपत्तिषु (gajāśvarathapattiṣu) - upon elephants, horses, chariots, and infantry

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of gajāśvarathapatti

gajāśvarathapatti - elephants, horses, chariots, and infantry (the four divisions of an army)

Compound type : dvandva (gaja+aśva+ratha+patti)

• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• patti – foot-soldier, infantry
  noun (masculine)