महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-7, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
तथा द्रोणमभिघ्नन्तं साश्वसूतरथद्विपान् ।
व्यथिताः पाण्डवा दृष्ट्वा न चैनं पर्यवारयन् ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tathā droṇamabhighnantaṁ sāśvasūtarathadvipān ,
vyathitāḥ pāṇḍavā dṛṣṭvā na cainaṁ paryavārayan.

1. sañjayaḥ uvāca | tathā droṇam
abhighnantam sa-aśva-sūta-ratha-dvipān
| vyathitāḥ pāṇḍavāḥ
dṛṣṭvā na ca enam pari-avārayan

1. sañjayaḥ uvāca pāṇḍavāḥ dṛṣṭvā tathā sa-aśva-sūta-ratha-dvipān
abhighnantam droṇam vyathitāḥ ca enam na pari-avārayan

1. Sañjaya said: When the Pāṇḍavas saw Droṇa thus striking down cavalry, charioteers, chariots, and elephants, they were distressed and did not surround him.

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sañjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇa

• अभिघ्नन्तम् (abhighnantam) - striking down, killing

• स-अश्व-सूत-रथ-द्विपान् (sa-aśva-sūta-ratha-dvipān) - along with horses, charioteers, chariots, and elephants

• व्यथिताः (vyathitāḥ) - distressed, troubled

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• एनम् (enam) - him, this one

• परि-अवारयन् (pari-avārayan) - did surround, encompassed

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sañjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sañjaya (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner

(indeclinable)

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (the preceptor of the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas)

अभिघ्नन्तम् (abhighnantam) - striking down, killing

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhighnant

abhighnant - striking down, killing

present active participle

Prefix: abhi

Root: han (class 2)

स-अश्व-सूत-रथ-द्विपान् (sa-aśva-sūta-ratha-dvipān) - along with horses, charioteers, chariots, and elephants

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sa-aśva-sūta-ratha-dvipa

sa-aśva-sūta-ratha-dvipa - accompanied by horses, charioteers, chariots, and elephants

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+aśva+sūta+ratha+dvipa)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• sūta – charioteer
  noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• dvipa – elephant
  noun (masculine)

व्यथिताः (vyathitāḥ) - distressed, troubled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vyathita

vyathita - distressed, troubled, agitated

past passive participle

Root: vyath (class 1)

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - him, this one

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, him

परि-अवारयन् (pari-avārayan) - did surround, encompassed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of pari-vṛ

causative stem vāraya

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)