महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-60, verse-17

स रथे रथिनां श्रेष्ठः काञ्चने काञ्चनावृतः ।
विबभौ विमलोऽर्चिष्मान्मेराविव दिवाकरः ॥१७॥

17. sa rathe rathināṁ śreṣṭhaḥ kāñcane kāñcanāvṛtaḥ ,
vibabhau vimalo'rciṣmānmerāviva divākaraḥ.

17. saḥ rathe rathinām śreṣṭhaḥ kāñcane kāñcanāvṛtaḥ
vibabhau vimalaḥ arciṣmān merau iva divākaraḥ

17. saḥ rathinām śreṣṭhaḥ vimalaḥ arciṣmān kāñcanāvṛtaḥ
kāñcane rathe vibabhau merau iva divākaraḥ

17. He, the best of charioteers, radiant and spotless, adorned with gold on the golden chariot, shone brightly, just like the sun (divākara) on Mount Meru.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• रथे (rathe) - on the chariot

• रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers

• श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - the best, most excellent

• काञ्चने (kāñcane) - on the golden (chariot)

• काञ्चनावृतः (kāñcanāvṛtaḥ) - covered/adorned with gold

• विबभौ (vibabhau) - shone brightly, was resplendent

• विमलः (vimalaḥ) - spotless, pure

• अर्चिष्मान् (arciṣmān) - radiant, luminous

• मेरौ (merau) - on Mount Meru

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• दिवाकरः (divākaraḥ) - the sun, day-maker

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the main protagonist.

रथे (rathe) - on the chariot

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

Root: ram (class 1)

रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior fighting from a chariot

from ratha (chariot) with suffix -in

Note: Possessive case, 'among charioteers' implying 'the best of charioteers'.

श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - the best, most excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, chief

superlative of praśasya (excellent)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ'.

काञ्चने (kāñcane) - on the golden (chariot)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāñcana

kāñcana - golden, made of gold; gold

derived from kañcana (gold)

Note: Qualifies 'rathe'.

काञ्चनावृतः (kāñcanāvṛtaḥ) - covered/adorned with gold

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāñcanāvṛta

kāñcanāvṛta - covered with gold, golden-clad

Compound type : tatpurusha (kāñcana+āvṛta)

• kāñcana – gold, golden
  noun (neuter)
• āvṛta – covered, surrounded
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root vṛ (to cover) with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ'.

विबभौ (vibabhau) - shone brightly, was resplendent

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of bhā

Perfect Active

Reduplicated perfect, 3rd person singular

Prefix: vi

Root: bhā (class 2)

विमलः (vimalaḥ) - spotless, pure

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vimala

vimala - spotless, pure, clear

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vi+mala)

• vi – away, apart, without
  indeclinable
• mala – dirt, impurity, stain
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ'.

अर्चिष्मान् (arciṣmān) - radiant, luminous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arciṣmat

arciṣmat - radiant, brilliant, luminous

possessive suffix -mat added to arcis (ray, flame)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ'.

मेरौ (merau) - on Mount Meru

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of meru

meru - Meru (a mythical mountain, center of the universe)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

दिवाकरः (divākaraḥ) - the sun, day-maker

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of divākara

divākara - sun, day-maker

Compound type : tatpurusha (divā+kara)

• divā – by day, during the day
  indeclinable
• kara – maker, doer
  noun (masculine)
  from root kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of comparison (like the sun).