महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-149, verse-19

जटासुरिर्महाराज विरथो हतसारथिः ।
घटोत्कचं रणे क्रुद्धो मुष्टिनाभ्यहनद्दृढम् ॥१९॥

19. jaṭāsurirmahārāja viratho hatasārathiḥ ,
ghaṭotkacaṁ raṇe kruddho muṣṭinābhyahanaddṛḍham.

19. jaṭāsuriḥ mahārāja virathaḥ hata-sārathiḥ
ghaṭotkacam raṇe kruddhaḥ muṣṭinā abhyahanat dṛḍham

19. mahārāja virathaḥ hatasārathiḥ kruddhaḥ jaṭāsuriḥ
raṇe ghaṭotkacam muṣṭinā dṛḍham abhyahanat

19. O great king, Jatasura, who had lost his chariot and whose charioteer was slain, angrily struck Ghatotkacha firmly with his fist in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• जटासुरिः (jaṭāsuriḥ) - Jatasura

• महाराज (mahārāja) - addressing Dhritarashtra (O great king)

• विरथः (virathaḥ) - chariot-less, deprived of a chariot

• हत-सारथिः (hata-sārathiḥ) - whose charioteer was slain, having a killed charioteer

• घटोत्कचम् (ghaṭotkacam) - Ghatotkacha

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in conflict

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry, furious

• मुष्टिना (muṣṭinā) - with a fist, by means of a fist

• अभ्यहनत् (abhyahanat) - struck, hit

• दृढम् (dṛḍham) - strongly, firmly, intensely

Words meanings and morphology

जटासुरिः (jaṭāsuriḥ) - Jatasura

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaṭāsuri

jaṭāsuri - Jatasura (a Rākṣasa character in the Mahābhārata)

महाराज (mahārāja) - addressing Dhritarashtra (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - a great king, an emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rāja)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

विरथः (virathaḥ) - chariot-less, deprived of a chariot

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viratha

viratha - without a chariot, chariot-less

Compound of vi (without) and ratha (chariot).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+ratha)

• vi – without, apart, away
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating separation or absence.
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  From √ram (to delight, to stay, to sport).
  Root: √ram (class 1)

Note: Adjective describing Jatasura.

हत-सारथिः (hata-sārathiḥ) - whose charioteer was slain, having a killed charioteer

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hatasārathi

hatasārathi - one whose charioteer is slain

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+sārathi)

• hata – slain, killed, struck
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of √han (to strike, kill).
  Root: √han (class 2)
• sārathi – charioteer, driver
  noun (masculine)
  From sa (with) + ratha (chariot), or from √sṛ (to go) + ā (prefix).

Note: Adjective describing Jatasura.

घटोत्कचम् (ghaṭotkacam) - Ghatotkacha

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ghaṭotkaca

ghaṭotkaca - Ghatotkacha (son of Bhīma and Hiḍimbī)

Compound: ghaṭa (pot) + utkaca (hairless/having erect hair), referring to his pot-like head.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ghaṭa+utkaca)

• ghaṭa – pot, jar, pitcher
  noun (masculine)
• utkaca – hairless, having erect hair, dishevelled hair
  adjective
  Compound of ut (up/out) and kaca (hair)
  Prefix: ut

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, conflict, sound

From √raṇ (to sound, to rejoice, to fight)

Root: √raṇ (class 1)

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry, furious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry, furious

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of √krudh (to be angry).

Root: √krudh (class 4)

Note: Adjective describing Jatasura.

मुष्टिना (muṣṭinā) - with a fist, by means of a fist

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of muṣṭi

muṣṭi - fist, handful, handle

अभ्यहनत् (abhyahanat) - struck, hit

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of √han

Imperfect Active

From √han with prefixes abhi and a (augment for imperfect tense).

Prefix: abhi

Root: √han (class 2)

दृढम् (dṛḍham) - strongly, firmly, intensely

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dṛḍha

dṛḍha - firm, strong, hard, steady

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of √dṛṃh (to make firm, to strengthen).

Root: √dṛṃh (class 6)

Note: Used adverbially here ('strongly').