महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-149, verse-18

ततः संचुक्षुभे सैन्यं कुरूणां राक्षसार्दितम् ।
उपर्युपरि चान्योन्यं चतुरङ्गं ममर्द ह ॥१८॥

18. tataḥ saṁcukṣubhe sainyaṁ kurūṇāṁ rākṣasārditam ,
uparyupari cānyonyaṁ caturaṅgaṁ mamarda ha.

18. tataḥ saṃcukṣubhe sainyam kurūṇām rākṣasa-arditam
upari upari ca anyonyam caturaṅgam mamarda ha

18. tataḥ rākṣasārditam kurūṇām sainyam saṃcukṣubhe
ca uparyupari anyonyam caturaṅgam mamarda ha

18. Then, the Kuru army, tormented by the rakshasa (Ghatotkacha), became greatly agitated. And indeed, its four divisions (chariots, elephants, cavalry, and infantry) trampled upon one another.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• संचुक्षुभे (saṁcukṣubhe) - was agitated, was thrown into commotion

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host

• कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus

• राक्षस-अर्दितम् (rākṣasa-arditam) - afflicted by Ghatotkacha (afflicted by the rakshasa)

• उपरि (upari) - above, upon, over

• उपरि (upari) - above, upon, over

• च (ca) - and, also

• अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other, mutually

• चतुरङ्गम् (caturaṅgam) - the traditional four divisions of an army (chariots, elephants, cavalry, infantry) (the four-limbed (army), consisting of four divisions)

• ममर्द (mamarda) - crushed, trampled, pounded

• ह (ha) - indeed, verily

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

Ablative suffix -tas added to 'tat'

संचुक्षुभे (saṁcukṣubhe) - was agitated, was thrown into commotion

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of √kṣubh

Perfect Middle

Reduplicated perfect form of √kṣubh with prefix saṃ.

Prefix: sam

Root: √kṣubh (class 4)

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - an army, military, belonging to an army

Derived from 'senā' (army).

कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - Kuru (an ancient king, his descendants, or his territory)

राक्षस-अर्दितम् (rākṣasa-arditam) - afflicted by Ghatotkacha (afflicted by the rakshasa)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rākṣasārdita

rākṣasārdita - tormented/afflicted by a Rākṣasa

Compound type : tṛtīyā tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+ardita)

• rākṣasa – a rakshasa (demon), belonging to a rakshasa
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'rakṣas' (evil spirit).
• ardita – afflicted, distressed, tormented, hurt
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of √ṛd (to trouble, hurt).
  Root: √ṛd (class 6)

Note: Adjective modifying 'sainyam'.

उपरि (upari) - above, upon, over

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially, repeated for emphasis ('one upon another' or 'repeatedly').

उपरि (upari) - above, upon, over

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially, repeated for emphasis ('one upon another' or 'repeatedly').

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other, mutually

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anyonyam

anyonyam - each other, mutually

Compound of 'anya' (other) repeated.

Compound type : dvandva (anya+anya)

• anya – other, another
  pronoun
• anya – other, another
  pronoun

चतुरङ्गम् (caturaṅgam) - the traditional four divisions of an army (chariots, elephants, cavalry, infantry) (the four-limbed (army), consisting of four divisions)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of caturaṅga

caturaṅga - four-limbed, consisting of four parts/divisions (esp. of an army)

Compound type : dvigu (catur+aṅga)

• catur – four
  numeral
• aṅga – limb, part, division, component
  noun (neuter)

Note: Referring to the Kuru army itself, indicating its composite nature.

ममर्द (mamarda) - crushed, trampled, pounded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √mṛd

Perfect Active

Reduplicated perfect form of √mṛd.

Root: √mṛd (class 9)

ह (ha) - indeed, verily

(indeclinable)

An emphatic or interrogative particle.