महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-14, verse-34

ततो मद्राधिपं दृष्ट्वा तव पुत्राः पराङ्मुखम् ।
सनागरथपत्त्यश्वाः समकम्पन्त मारिष ॥३४॥

34. tato madrādhipaṁ dṛṣṭvā tava putrāḥ parāṅmukham ,
sanāgarathapattyaśvāḥ samakampanta māriṣa.

34. tataḥ madrādhipam dṛṣṭvā tava putrāḥ parāṅmukham
sa-nāga-ratha-patti-aśvāḥ samakampanta māriṣa

34. māriṣa tataḥ tava putrāḥ madrādhipam parāṅmukham
dṛṣṭvā sa-nāga-ratha-patti-aśvāḥ samakampanta

34. Then, O venerable one, your sons, along with their elephants, chariots, infantry, and horses, trembled after seeing the king of the Madras turning away (from battle).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• मद्राधिपम् (madrādhipam) - the king (Śalya) of the Madras (the king of the Madras, lord of the Madras)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - Having seen, having perceived

• तव (tava) - your, of you (singular)

• पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

• पराङ्मुखम् (parāṅmukham) - with face averted, turned away, fleeing

• स-नाग-रथ-पत्ति-अश्वाः (sa-nāga-ratha-patti-aśvāḥ) - with elephants, chariots, infantry, and horses

• समकम्पन्त (samakampanta) - trembled, shook, quaked

• मारिष (māriṣa) - O Dhritarashtra (addressed by Sanjaya) (O venerable one, O respected sir)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

मद्राधिपम् (madrādhipam) - the king (Śalya) of the Madras (the king of the Madras, lord of the Madras)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of madrādhipa

madrādhipa - king of the Madras, ruler of the Madras

Tatpuruṣa compound of madra (Madra people/country) and adhipa (lord).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madra+adhipa)

• madra – the country of Madra, its people
  proper noun (masculine)
• adhipa – lord, master, ruler, king
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Śalya.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - Having seen, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from the root dṛś with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Action performed by putrāḥ.

तव (tava) - your, of you (singular)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Genitive singular of yuṣmad.

Note: Possessive for putrāḥ.

पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Refers to Dhritarashtra's sons (Kauravas).

पराङ्मुखम् (parāṅmukham) - with face averted, turned away, fleeing

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parāṅmukha

parāṅmukha - having the face averted, turning away, fleeing, turning one's back

Bahuvrīhi compound of parāṅc (turned away) and mukha (face).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (parāṅc+mukha)

• parāṅc – turned backwards, averted, opposite
  adjective
  From prefix parā (away) and root añc (to bend, go).
  Prefix: parā
  Root: añc (class 1)
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

Note: State of the king of Madras when seen.

स-नाग-रथ-पत्ति-अश्वाः (sa-nāga-ratha-patti-aśvāḥ) - with elephants, chariots, infantry, and horses

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sa-nāga-ratha-patti-aśva

sa-nāga-ratha-patti-aśva - accompanied by elephants, chariots, infantry, and horses; with all four divisions of the army

Bahuvrīhi compound: sa (with) + nāga (elephants) + ratha (chariots) + patti (infantry) + aśva (horses).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+nāga+ratha+patti+aśva)

• sa – with, together with, possessing
  indeclinable
• nāga – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• patti – infantry, foot-soldier
  noun (masculine)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with putrāḥ.

समकम्पन्त (samakampanta) - trembled, shook, quaked

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of kamp

Imperfect (Laṅ-lakāra), Middle voice

From root kamp (to tremble) with prefix sam. Third person plural.

Prefix: sam

Root: kamp (class 1)

मारिष (māriṣa) - O Dhritarashtra (addressed by Sanjaya) (O venerable one, O respected sir)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of māriṣa

māriṣa - venerable one, respected sir (term of address)

Note: Refers to Dhritarashtra.