महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-14, verse-18

तथैव भीमसेनस्य द्विषताभिहता गदा ।
वर्षाप्रदोषे खद्योतैर्वृतो वृक्ष इवाबभौ ॥१८॥

18. tathaiva bhīmasenasya dviṣatābhihatā gadā ,
varṣāpradoṣe khadyotairvṛto vṛkṣa ivābabhau.

18. tathā eva bhīmasenasya dviṣatā abhihatā gadā
varṣāpradoṣe khadyotaiḥ vṛtaḥ vṛkṣaḥ iva ababhau

18. tathā eva dviṣatā abhihatā bhīmasenasya gadā
varṣāpradoṣe khadyotaiḥ vṛtaḥ vṛkṣaḥ iva ababhau

18. Similarly, Bhīmasena's mace, struck by his foe (Śalya), shone like a tree covered with fireflies on a rainy evening.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, certainly

• भीमसेनस्य (bhīmasenasya) - of Bhīmasena

• द्विषता (dviṣatā) - Contextually refers to Śalya. (by the enemy, by the hater)

• अभिहता (abhihatā) - struck, hit

• गदा (gadā) - mace, club

• वर्षाप्रदोषे (varṣāpradoṣe) - in the rainy evening, at dusk during the rainy season

• खद्योतैः (khadyotaiḥ) - by fireflies

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded, covered

• वृक्षः (vṛkṣaḥ) - tree

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अबभौ (ababhau) - shone, appeared

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

भीमसेनस्य (bhīmasenasya) - of Bhīmasena

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (name of a Pāṇḍava prince)

द्विषता (dviṣatā) - Contextually refers to Śalya. (by the enemy, by the hater)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dviṣat

dviṣat - hating, hostile, enemy

Present Active Participle

From root dviṣ (to hate), present participle

Root: dviṣ (class 2)

अभिहता (abhihatā) - struck, hit

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of abhihata

abhihata - struck, hit

Past Passive Participle

From root han (to strike) with prefix abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: han (class 2)

गदा (gadā) - mace, club

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - mace, club

वर्षाप्रदोषे (varṣāpradoṣe) - in the rainy evening, at dusk during the rainy season

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of varṣāpradoṣa

varṣāpradoṣa - rainy evening, dusk of the rainy season

Tatpurusha compound: varṣā (rainy season) + pradoṣa (evening, dusk)

Compound type : tatpurusha (varṣā+pradoṣa)

• varṣā – rainy season, rain
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vṛṣ
• pradoṣa – evening, dusk, nightfall
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: duṣ

खद्योतैः (khadyotaiḥ) - by fireflies

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of khadyota

khadyota - firefly, glow-worm

Tatpurusha compound: kha (sky) + dyota (shining)

Compound type : tatpurusha (kha+dyota)

• kha – sky, space
  noun (neuter)
• dyota – shining, sparkling
  noun (masculine)
  From root dyut (to shine)
  Root: dyut (class 1)

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded, covered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - covered, surrounded, enveloped

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛ (to cover, surround)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

वृक्षः (vṛkṣaḥ) - tree

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛkṣa

vṛkṣa - tree

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

अबभौ (ababhau) - shone, appeared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of bhā

Perfect Tense

From root bhā

Root: bhā (class 2)