महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-14, verse-31

दृष्ट्वा चैनं महाराज गदयाभिनिपीडितम् ।
विचेष्टन्तं यथा नागं मूर्छयाभिपरिप्लुतम् ॥३१॥

31. dṛṣṭvā cainaṁ mahārāja gadayābhinipīḍitam ,
viceṣṭantaṁ yathā nāgaṁ mūrchayābhipariplutam.

31. dṛṣṭvā ca enam mahārāja gadayā abhinipīḍitam
viceṣṭantam yathā nāgam mūrcchayā abhipariplutam

31. mahārāja ca enam gadayā abhinipīḍitam yathā
nāgam viceṣṭantam mūrcchayā abhipariplutam dṛṣṭvā

31. And, O great king, having seen him crushed by the mace, struggling like a snake, and overcome by unconsciousness...

Words meanings summery:

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - Having seen, having perceived

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• एनम् (enam) - him, this (masculine accusative singular)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (Dhritarashtra, addressed by Sanjaya) (O great king)

• गदया (gadayā) - by the mace, with the mace

• अभिनिपीडितम् (abhinipīḍitam) - crushed, severely oppressed, afflicted

• विचेष्टन्तम् (viceṣṭantam) - struggling, writhing, making efforts

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

• नागम् (nāgam) - a snake (a snake, serpent, elephant)

• मूर्च्छया (mūrcchayā) - by fainting, by unconsciousness, by stupor

• अभिपरिप्लुतम् (abhipariplutam) - overwhelmed, inundated, overcome

Words meanings and morphology

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - Having seen, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from the root dṛś with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

एनम् (enam) - him, this (masculine accusative singular)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that (pronoun stem, often used for emphasis or reference)

Note: Refers to the person being described (likely Duryodhana).

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (Dhritarashtra, addressed by Sanjaya) (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, sovereign

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)

गदया (gadayā) - by the mace, with the mace

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - mace, club

अभिनिपीडितम् (abhinipīḍitam) - crushed, severely oppressed, afflicted

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhinipīḍita

abhinipīḍita - oppressed, crushed, tormented

Past Passive Participle

From root pīḍ (to press, oppress) with prefixes abhi and ni.

Prefixes: abhi+ni

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Qualifies 'enam' (him).

विचेष्टन्तम् (viceṣṭantam) - struggling, writhing, making efforts

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viceṣṭat

viceṣṭat - struggling, making efforts, writhing

Present Active Participle

From root ceṣṭ (to move, exert, strive) with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: ceṣṭ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'enam'.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a comparison.

नागम् (nāgam) - a snake (a snake, serpent, elephant)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nāga

nāga - serpent, snake; elephant; a class of semi-divine beings

Note: Object of comparison for 'enam'.

मूर्च्छया (mūrcchayā) - by fainting, by unconsciousness, by stupor

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of mūrcchā

mūrcchā - fainting, swoon, unconsciousness, stupor

From root mūrcch (to faint, swoon, grow stiff).

Root: mūrcch (class 1)

Note: Denotes the cause of being overcome.

अभिपरिप्लुतम् (abhipariplutam) - overwhelmed, inundated, overcome

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhiparipluta

abhiparipluta - overwhelmed, submerged, inundated, overcome

Past Passive Participle

From root plu (to float, swim) with prefixes abhi and pari.

Prefixes: abhi+pari

Root: plu (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'enam'.