महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-128, verse-5

वारणाश्च महाराज समासाद्य परस्परम् ।
विषाणैर्दारयामासुः संक्रुद्धाश्च मदोत्कटाः ॥५॥

5. vāraṇāśca mahārāja samāsādya parasparam ,
viṣāṇairdārayāmāsuḥ saṁkruddhāśca madotkaṭāḥ.

5. vāraṇāḥ ca mahārāja samāsādya parasparam
viṣāṇaiḥ dārayāmāsuḥ saṃkruddhāḥ ca madotkaṭāḥ

5. mahārāja ca vāraṇāḥ saṃkruddhāḥ ca madotkaṭāḥ
parasparam samāsādya viṣāṇaiḥ dārayāmāsuḥ

5. O great king, the elephants, both enraged and maddened, confronted each other and tore at one another with their tusks.

Words meanings summery:

• वारणाः (vāraṇāḥ) - elephants

• च (ca) - and, also

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having approached, having confronted

• परस्परम् (parasparam) - each other, mutually, reciprocally

• विषाणैः (viṣāṇaiḥ) - with tusks, with horns

• दारयामासुः (dārayāmāsuḥ) - they tore, they rent, they split

• संक्रुद्धाः (saṁkruddhāḥ) - enraged, very angry

• च (ca) - and, also

• मदोत्कटाः (madotkaṭāḥ) - maddened, highly excited, furious with rut

Words meanings and morphology

वारणाः (vāraṇāḥ) - elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vāraṇa

vāraṇa - elephant

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Subject of 'dārayāmāsuḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+rājan)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having approached, having confronted

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Formed with upasargas 'sam' and 'ā' from root 'sad' and suffix '-ya' for absolutive.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

परस्परम् (parasparam) - each other, mutually, reciprocally

(indeclinable)

Compound of 'para' (other) and 'apara' (other), here used adverbially.

Compound type : dvandva (para+apara)

• para – other, another; hostile, distant
  pronoun (masculine)

Note: Adverbial usage.

विषाणैः (viṣāṇaiḥ) - with tusks, with horns

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of viṣāṇa

viṣāṇa - tusk, horn

Note: Instrument for tearing.

दारयामासुः (dārayāmāsuḥ) - they tore, they rent, they split

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of dārayāṃcakruḥ

Periphrastic Perfect

3rd person plural Perfect active, formed from causative stem 'dāray' + auxiliary root 'ās'.

Root: dṛ (class 6)

Note: Periphrastic perfect, the primary root is 'dṛ' (to tear), and the causative stem 'dārayati' is used to form the perfect tense with an auxiliary verb like 'ās' (here 'āsuḥ').

संक्रुद्धाः (saṁkruddhāḥ) - enraged, very angry

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃkruddha

saṁkruddha - greatly enraged, furious

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root 'krudh' (to be angry) with prefix 'sam' and '-ta' suffix.

Prefix: sam

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Functions as an adjective in agreement with 'vāraṇāḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मदोत्कटाः (madotkaṭāḥ) - maddened, highly excited, furious with rut

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of madotkaṭa

madotkaṭa - excessively proud, furious, maddened by rut (of an elephant)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mada+utkaṭa)

• mada – intoxication, rut (of an elephant), pride, frenzy
  noun (masculine)
  Root: mad (class 4)
• utkaṭa – excessive, fierce, prominent, strong
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'vāraṇāḥ'.