महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-128, verse-13

नादयन्रथघोषेण कम्पयन्निव मेदिनीम् ।
अभ्यवर्तत पुत्रस्ते पाण्डवानामनीकिनीम् ॥१३॥

13. nādayanrathaghoṣeṇa kampayanniva medinīm ,
abhyavartata putraste pāṇḍavānāmanīkinīm.

13. nādayan rathaghoṣeṇa kampayan iva medinīm
abhyavartata putraḥ te pāṇḍavānām anīkinīm

13. (mahārāja) te putraḥ rathaghoṣeṇa nādayan iva
medinīm kampayan pāṇḍavānām anīkinīm abhyavartata

13. Causing a roar with the sound of his chariot, and as if making the earth tremble, your son charged against the army of the Pāṇḍavas.

Words meanings summery:

• नादयन् (nādayan) - causing a loud roar (with his chariot) (causing to roar, making sound, sounding loudly)

• रथघोषेण (rathaghoṣeṇa) - by the roar of his chariot (by the sound of chariots, by the clamor of war-chariots)

• कम्पयन् (kampayan) - making (the earth) tremble (causing to tremble, shaking)

• इव (iva) - as if (as if, like, resembling)

• मेदिनीम् (medinīm) - the earth (the earth, ground)

• अभ्यवर्तत (abhyavartata) - he charged against (he turned towards, he attacked, he advanced upon)

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - your son (Duryodhana) (son)

• ते (te) - your (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) (your, to you)

• पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

• अनीकिनीम् (anīkinīm) - the army (of the Pāṇḍavas) (army, host, military division)

Words meanings and morphology

नादयन् (nādayan) - causing a loud roar (with his chariot) (causing to roar, making sound, sounding loudly)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nādayat

nādayat - causing to roar, making sound, proclaiming loudly

Present Active Participle (causative)

Derived from causative of root `nad` (to roar, sound) with suffix `śatṛ`.

Root: nad (class 1)

रथघोषेण (rathaghoṣeṇa) - by the roar of his chariot (by the sound of chariots, by the clamor of war-chariots)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rathaghoṣa

rathaghoṣa - sound of chariots, clamor of war-chariots

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (ratha+ghoṣa)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
• ghoṣa – sound, noise, roar, clamor
  noun (masculine)
  From root `ghuṣ` (to sound)
  Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

Note: Instrument of the action `nādayan`

कम्पयन् (kampayan) - making (the earth) tremble (causing to tremble, shaking)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kampayat

kampayat - causing to tremble, shaking, agitating

Present Active Participle (causative)

Derived from causative of root `kamp` (to tremble) with suffix `śatṛ`.

Root: kamp (class 1)

इव (iva) - as if (as if, like, resembling)

(indeclinable)

मेदिनीम् (medinīm) - the earth (the earth, ground)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of medinī

medinī - the earth, soil, ground

Note: Object of `kampayan`.

अभ्यवर्तत (abhyavartata) - he charged against (he turned towards, he attacked, he advanced upon)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhyavṛt

Imperfect (Laṅ)

3rd person singular middle voice, with prefixes `abhi-` and `ava-`.

Prefixes: abhi+ava

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - your son (Duryodhana) (son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child, offspring

Note: Subject of the sentence.

ते (te) - your (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) (your, to you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you (2nd person pronoun)

Note: Possessive pronoun, dependent on 'putraḥ'.

पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

`Pāṇḍu` + `aṇ` (patronymic suffix)

Note: Dependent on `anīkinīm`.

अनीकिनीम् (anīkinīm) - the army (of the Pāṇḍavas) (army, host, military division)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of anīkinī

anīkinī - army, host, military division (especially one consisting of ten `anīkas`)