महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-128, verse-20

क्षीणतोयानिलार्काभ्यां हतत्विडिव पद्मिनी ।
बभूव पाण्डवी सेना तव पुत्रस्य तेजसा ॥२०॥

20. kṣīṇatoyānilārkābhyāṁ hatatviḍiva padminī ,
babhūva pāṇḍavī senā tava putrasya tejasā.

20. kṣīṇatoyānilārkābhyām hatatviṭ iva padminī
babhūva pāṇḍavī senā tava putrasya tejasā

20. tava putrasya tejasā pāṇḍavī senā
kṣīṇatoyānilārkābhyām hatatviṭ padminī iva babhūva

20. The Pandava army became like a lotus pond whose brilliance is destroyed by the sun and wind, which diminish its water, all due to the prowess of your son.

Words meanings summery:

• क्षीणतोयानिलार्काभ्याम् (kṣīṇatoyānilārkābhyām) - by the sun and wind, which cause the water to diminish (referring to the lotus pond) (by the diminished water, wind, and sun; by the sun and wind that diminish water)

• हतत्विट् (hatatviṭ) - whose luster is destroyed, deprived of brilliance

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• पद्मिनी (padminī) - lotus pond, collection of lotuses

• बभूव (babhūva) - became, was

• पाण्डवी (pāṇḍavī) - relating to the Pandavas, Pandava's

• सेना (senā) - army, host

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of your son (Duryodhana) (of the son, a son's)

• तेजसा (tejasā) - by brilliance, by prowess, by glory

Words meanings and morphology

क्षीणतोयानिलार्काभ्याम् (kṣīṇatoyānilārkābhyām) - by the sun and wind, which cause the water to diminish (referring to the lotus pond) (by the diminished water, wind, and sun; by the sun and wind that diminish water)

(adjective)

Instrumental, dual of kṣīṇatoyānilārka

kṣīṇatoyānilārka - having diminished water, wind, and sun

Compound of kṣīṇa (diminished) + toya (water) + anila (wind) + arka (sun). The instrumental dual `ābhyām` is applied, implying two primary agents or aspects of causality (e.g., wind and sun causing water to diminish).

Compound type : bahuvrihi or dvandva with kṣīṇa as adjective (kṣīṇa+toya+anila+arka)

• kṣīṇa – diminished, wasted, destroyed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root kṣi (to waste, diminish)
  Root: kṣi (class 5)
• toya – water
  noun (neuter)
• anila – wind, air
  noun (masculine)
• arka – sun
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the agents (sun and wind) that cause the water to be diminished and harm the lotus pond.

हतत्विट् (hatatviṭ) - whose luster is destroyed, deprived of brilliance

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of hatatviṣ

hatatviṣ - whose luster is destroyed

Bahuvrihi compound: hata (destroyed) + tviṣ (luster, brilliance)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (hata+tviṣ)

• hata – killed, destroyed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)
• tviṣ – luster, brilliance, light
  noun (feminine)

Note: Agrees with padminī

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison

पद्मिनी (padminī) - lotus pond, collection of lotuses

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of padminī

padminī - lotus plant, lotus pond

Note: Used in comparison

बभूव (babhūva) - became, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhū

Perfect Active

root bhū, perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: bhū (class 1)

पाण्डवी (pāṇḍavī) - relating to the Pandavas, Pandava's

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, relating to Pāṇḍu

derived from Pāṇḍu

Note: Agrees with senā

सेना (senā) - army, host

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host, battle-array

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of your son (Duryodhana) (of the son, a son's)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, offspring

तेजसा (tejasā) - by brilliance, by prowess, by glory

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tejas

tejas - brilliance, splendor, energy, prowess, spiritual power