महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-128, verse-21

पाण्डुसेनां हतां दृष्ट्वा तव पुत्रेण भारत ।
भीमसेनपुरोगास्तु पाञ्चालाः समुपाद्रवन् ॥२१॥

21. pāṇḍusenāṁ hatāṁ dṛṣṭvā tava putreṇa bhārata ,
bhīmasenapurogāstu pāñcālāḥ samupādravan.

21. pāṇḍusenām hatām dṛṣṭvā tava putreṇa bhārata
bhīmasenapurogāḥ tu pāñcālāḥ samupādravan

21. bhārata tava putreṇa hatām pāṇḍusenām dṛṣṭvā
tu bhīmasenapurogāḥ pāñcālāḥ samupādravan

21. O Bhārata, upon seeing the Pandava army destroyed by your son, the Pañcālas, with Bhīmasena at their forefront, indeed advanced.

Words meanings summery:

• पाण्डुसेनाम् (pāṇḍusenām) - the army of the Pandavas

• हताम् (hatām) - killed, destroyed

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• पुत्रेण (putreṇa) - by your son (Duryodhana) (by the son, by a son)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (addressed by Sañjaya) (O descendant of Bharata, O Indian)

• भीमसेनपुरोगाः (bhīmasenapurogāḥ) - led by Bhīmasena, having Bhīmasena at the front

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the people of Pañcāla, the Pañcālas

• समुपाद्रवन् (samupādravan) - they rushed forth, they advanced

Words meanings and morphology

पाण्डुसेनाम् (pāṇḍusenām) - the army of the Pandavas

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pāṇḍusenā

pāṇḍusenā - army of the Pandavas

Tatpuruṣa compound: Pāṇḍu (name) + senā (army)

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāṇḍu+senā)

• pāṇḍu – Pāṇḍu (name of a king, father of the Pandavas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• senā – army, host
  noun (feminine)

हताम् (hatām) - killed, destroyed

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of hata

hata - killed, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

from root han (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with pāṇḍusenām

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

formed from root dṛś with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Expresses prior action

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

पुत्रेण (putreṇa) - by your son (Duryodhana) (by the son, by a son)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, offspring

भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (addressed by Sañjaya) (O descendant of Bharata, O Indian)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, an Indian

derived from Bharata

Note: Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra

भीमसेनपुरोगाः (bhīmasenapurogāḥ) - led by Bhīmasena, having Bhīmasena at the front

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhīmasenapuroga

bhīmasenapuroga - led by Bhīmasena

Bahuvrihi compound: Bhīmasena (proper name) + puroga (going before, leading)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bhīmasena+puroga)

• bhīmasena – Bhīmasena (name of a Pandava hero)
  proper noun (masculine)
• puroga – going before, leading, chief
  adjective
  compound: puras (before) + ga (going)
  Prefix: puras
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with pāñcālāḥ

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic or adversative particle

पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the people of Pañcāla, the Pañcālas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - a king of the Pañcālas, people of the Pañcāla kingdom

derived from Pañcāla

समुपाद्रवन् (samupādravan) - they rushed forth, they advanced

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dram

Imperfect Active

from root dram with upasargas sam, upa, and ā; imperfect tense, 3rd person plural

Prefixes: sam+upa+ā

Root: dram (class 1)