महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-128, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
तदुदीर्णगजाश्वौघं बलं तव जनाधिप ।
पाण्डुसेनामभिद्रुत्य योधयामास सर्वतः ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tadudīrṇagajāśvaughaṁ balaṁ tava janādhipa ,
pāṇḍusenāmabhidrutya yodhayāmāsa sarvataḥ.

1. saṃjaya uvāca tat udīrṇa-gaja-aśva-ogham balam tava
janādhipa pāṇḍu-senām abhidrutya yodhayāmāsa sarvataḥ

1. saṃjaya uvāca janādhipa tava balam tat udīrṇa-gaja-aśva-ogham
pāṇḍu-senām abhidrutya sarvataḥ yodhayāmāsa

1. Saṃjaya said: O ruler of men (janādhipa), your army (bala), with its surging mass of elephants and horses, rushed upon the Pāṇḍava forces and engaged them in battle from all sides.

Words meanings summery:

• संजय (saṁjaya) - Saṃjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तत् (tat) - Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's army (bala). (that, that (army))

• उदीर्ण-गज-अश्व-ओघम् (udīrṇa-gaja-aśva-ogham) - (a force) with a multitude of excited elephants and horses

• बलम् (balam) - army, force, strength

• तव (tava) - possessive, referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (your, of you)

• जनाधिप (janādhipa) - O ruler of people, O king

• पाण्डु-सेनाम् (pāṇḍu-senām) - the Pāṇḍava army

• अभिद्रुत्य (abhidrutya) - having rushed upon, having attacked, having assailed

• योधयामास (yodhayāmāsa) - caused to fight, fought, engaged in battle

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, in every direction, everywhere

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - Saṃjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Saṃjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

तत् (tat) - Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's army (bala). (that, that (army))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

उदीर्ण-गज-अश्व-ओघम् (udīrṇa-gaja-aśva-ogham) - (a force) with a multitude of excited elephants and horses

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of udīrṇa-gaja-aśva-ogha

udīrṇa-gaja-aśva-ogha - having a surging mass of elephants and horses

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (udīrṇa+gaja+aśva+ogha)

• udīrṇa – roused, excited, agitated, risen
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root īr with prefix ud-
  Prefix: ud
  Root: īr (class 2)
• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• ogha – multitude, mass, flood, host
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'balam'.

बलम् (balam) - army, force, strength

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army, troops

तव (tava) - possessive, referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

जनाधिप (janādhipa) - O ruler of people, O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of jana-adhipa

jana-adhipa - lord of people, king, ruler

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jana+adhipa)

• jana – people, man, creature
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – lord, ruler, master
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

पाण्डु-सेनाम् (pāṇḍu-senām) - the Pāṇḍava army

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pāṇḍu-senā

pāṇḍu-senā - army of Pāṇḍu (i.e., the Pāṇḍavas)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāṇḍu+senā)

• pāṇḍu – Pāṇḍu (name of the father of the Pāṇḍavas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• senā – army, host, force
  noun (feminine)

अभिद्रुत्य (abhidrutya) - having rushed upon, having attacked, having assailed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Derived from root dru with prefix abhi-

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

योधयामास (yodhayāmāsa) - caused to fight, fought, engaged in battle

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of yudh

Causative Perfect

Causative stem yodhaya- + perfect ending

Root: yudh (class 4)

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, in every direction, everywhere

(indeclinable)