महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-74, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
ततो दुर्योधनो राजा मोहात्प्रत्यागतस्तदा ।
शरवर्षैः पुनर्भीमं प्रत्यवारयदच्युतम् ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tato duryodhano rājā mohātpratyāgatastadā ,
śaravarṣaiḥ punarbhīmaṁ pratyavārayadacyutam.

1. saṃjaya uvāca tataḥ duryodhanaḥ rājā mohāt pratyāgataḥ
tadā śaravarṣaiḥ punaḥ bhīmam pratyavārayat acyutam

1. saṃjaya uvāca: tataḥ tadā rājā duryodhanaḥ mohāt pratyāgataḥ punaḥ acyutam bhīmam śaravarṣaiḥ pratyavārayat.

1. Sañjaya said: Then King Duryodhana, having recovered from his delusion, once again checked the unyielding Bhīma with showers of arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• संजय (saṁjaya) - Sañjaya (a proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (a proper name)

• राजा (rājā) - king

• मोहात् (mohāt) - from delusion, from confusion

• प्रत्यागतः (pratyāgataḥ) - regained senses, recovered (returned, come back, regained)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• शरवर्षैः (śaravarṣaiḥ) - with showers of arrows

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more

• भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhīma (a proper name)

• प्रत्यवारयत् (pratyavārayat) - he checked, he opposed, he warded off

• अच्युतम् (acyutam) - unyielding, firm, imperishable

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - Sañjaya (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sañjaya (charioteer of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of √vac

Perfect Active

From √vac (to speak) reduplicated perfect.

Root: √vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

(indeclinable)

Derived from tad (that) + suffix tas.

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (eldest son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

Note: Subject of pratyavārayat.

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Note: Apposition to duryodhanaḥ.

मोहात् (mohāt) - from delusion, from confusion

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of moha

moha - delusion, confusion, infatuation, bewilderment

Note: Indicates cause or source for pratyāgataḥ.

प्रत्यागतः (pratyāgataḥ) - regained senses, recovered (returned, come back, regained)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratyāgata

pratyāgata - returned, come back, regained, recovered

Past Passive Participle

From prati-ā-√gam (to come back). prati (back, against) + ā (towards) + √gam (to go, come).

Prefixes: prati+ā

Root: √gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with duryodhanaḥ.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Derived from tad (that) + suffix dā.

शरवर्षैः (śaravarṣaiḥ) - with showers of arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śaravarṣa

śaravarṣa - shower of arrows, rain of arrows

Compound type : tatpurusha (śara+varṣa)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, shower
  noun (masculine/neuter)

Note: Instrument of pratyavārayat.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more

(indeclinable)

भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhīma (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhīma (one of the Pāṇḍavas), terrible, formidable

Note: Object of pratyavārayat.

प्रत्यवारयत् (pratyavārayat) - he checked, he opposed, he warded off

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of √vṛ

Imperfect Active (causative)

From prati-ava-√vṛ (to ward off, check) with causative ṇic and imperfect laṅ.

Prefixes: prati+ava

Root: √vṛ (class 5)

अच्युतम् (acyutam) - unyielding, firm, imperishable

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of acyuta

acyuta - not fallen, firm, imperishable, unyielding, steady (often an epithet of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa, but here as an adjective)

Past Passive Participle (negative)

a-cyuta. From √cyu (to fall, move) with negative prefix a- and kta suffix.

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+cyuta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• cyuta – fallen, moved, deviated
  participle (masculine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √cyu (to fall, move) with kta suffix
  Root: √cyu (class 1)

Note: Agrees with bhīmam.