महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-74, verse-10

तानापतत एवाजौ भीमसेनो महाबलः ।
प्रत्युद्ययौ महाराज गजः प्रतिगजानिव ॥१०॥

10. tānāpatata evājau bhīmaseno mahābalaḥ ,
pratyudyayau mahārāja gajaḥ pratigajāniva.

10. tān āpatataḥ eva ājau bhīmasenaḥ mahābalaḥ
pratyudyayau mahārāja gajaḥ pratigajān iva

10. mahārāja mahābalaḥ bhīmasenaḥ ājau āpatataḥ
eva tān pratyudyayau gajaḥ pratigajān iva

10. O great king, the mighty Bhimasena advanced to meet those who were rushing upon him in battle, just as an elephant confronts other elephants.

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - the younger brothers of Duryodhana (them, those)

• आपततः (āpatataḥ) - falling upon, rushing, approaching

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

• आजौ (ājau) - in battle, in combat

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena (a proper name)

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - mighty, of great strength

• प्रत्युद्ययौ (pratyudyayau) - went forth to meet, advanced against

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O King Dhritarashtra (the narrator, Sanjaya, is addressing the king) (O great king)

• गजः (gajaḥ) - elephant

• प्रतिगजान् (pratigajān) - opposing elephants, rival elephants

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - the younger brothers of Duryodhana (them, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Duryodhanānujāḥ from the previous verse.

आपततः (āpatataḥ) - falling upon, rushing, approaching

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of āpatat

āpatat - falling upon, rushing, approaching

Present Active Participle

From root pat (to fall, go) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tān'.

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the immediacy of their approach.

आजौ (ājau) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āji

āji - battle, fight, combat

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhimasena (a proper name, one of the Pandavas)

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - mighty, of great strength

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, very powerful

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'bhīmasenaḥ'.

प्रत्युद्ययौ (pratyudyayau) - went forth to meet, advanced against

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of pratyudyayau

Perfect, 3rd person singular

From root i (to go) with prefixes prati + ud

Prefixes: prati+ud

Root: i (class 2)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O King Dhritarashtra (the narrator, Sanjaya, is addressing the king) (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: An address to Dhritarashtra.

गजः (gajaḥ) - elephant

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gaja

gaja - elephant

Note: Part of the simile.

प्रतिगजान् (pratigajān) - opposing elephants, rival elephants

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pratigaja

pratigaja - opposing elephant, rival elephant

Compound type : tatpurusha (prati+gaja)

• prati – against, towards, opposite
  indeclinable
• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of the implied action 'meeting' (like gaja meets pratigajān).

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a simile.