महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-71, verse-8

पृष्ठमासीन्महाराज विराटो वाहिनीपतिः ।
धृष्टद्युम्नेन सहितो महत्या सेनया वृतः ॥८॥

8. pṛṣṭhamāsīnmahārāja virāṭo vāhinīpatiḥ ,
dhṛṣṭadyumnena sahito mahatyā senayā vṛtaḥ.

8. pṛṣṭham āsīt mahārāja virāṭaḥ vāhinīpatiḥ
dhṛṣṭadyumnena sahitaḥ mahatyā senayā vṛtaḥ

8. mahārāja virāṭaḥ vāhinīpatiḥ dhṛṣṭadyumnena
sahitaḥ mahatyā senayā vṛtaḥ pṛṣṭham āsīt

8. O great king (mahārāja), Virāṭa, the commander of the army (vāhinīpati), was at the rear, accompanied by Dhṛṣṭadyumna and surrounded by a vast army.

Words meanings summery:

• पृष्ठम् (pṛṣṭham) - at the rear (of the formation) (back, rear, surface)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was (was, existed)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (addressing the listener) (O great king)

• विराटः (virāṭaḥ) - King Virata (Virata)

• वाहिनीपतिः (vāhinīpatiḥ) - the general (commander of an army, general)

• धृष्टद्युम्नेन (dhṛṣṭadyumnena) - by Dhṛṣṭadyumna (by Dhrishtadyumna)

• सहितः (sahitaḥ) - accompanied by (accompanied by, together with)

• महत्या (mahatyā) - by a vast (by a great, vast)

• सेनया (senayā) - by an army

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded by (surrounded, accompanied by, chosen)

Words meanings and morphology

पृष्ठम् (pṛṣṭham) - at the rear (of the formation) (back, rear, surface)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pṛṣṭha

pṛṣṭha - back, rear, surface, top

Note: Used adverbially as 'at the back'.

आसीत् (āsīt) - was (was, existed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect

Third person singular imperfect active

Root: as (class 2)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (addressing the listener) (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+rājan)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

विराटः (virāṭaḥ) - King Virata (Virata)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of virāṭa

virāṭa - Virata (name of a king); vast, great

वाहिनीपतिः (vāhinīpatiḥ) - the general (commander of an army, general)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāhinīpati

vāhinīpati - commander of an army, general

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāhinī+pati)

• vāhinī – army, host, river
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

धृष्टद्युम्नेन (dhṛṣṭadyumnena) - by Dhṛṣṭadyumna (by Dhrishtadyumna)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumna

dhṛṣṭadyumna - Dhrishtadyumna (a son of Drupada)

सहितः (sahitaḥ) - accompanied by (accompanied by, together with)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahita

sahita - accompanied, endowed with, possessed of

Past Passive Participle

from `hi` with `sa-` (or from `dhā` with `sa-`)

Prefix: sa

Root: hi (class 5)

महत्या (mahatyā) - by a vast (by a great, vast)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, mighty

Note: Agrees with senayā

सेनया (senayā) - by an army

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded by (surrounded, accompanied by, chosen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - covered, surrounded, chosen, appointed

Past Passive Participle

from root `vṛ` (to cover, choose)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with Virāṭaḥ