महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-71, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
विहृत्य च ततो राजन्सहिताः कुरुपाण्डवाः ।
व्यतीतायां तु शर्वर्यां पुनर्युद्धाय निर्ययुः ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
vihṛtya ca tato rājansahitāḥ kurupāṇḍavāḥ ,
vyatītāyāṁ tu śarvaryāṁ punaryuddhāya niryayuḥ.

1. saṃjaya uvāca vihṛtya ca tataḥ rājan sahitāḥ kurupāṇḍavāḥ
vyatītāyām tu śarvaryām punaḥ yuddhāya niryayuḥ

1. saṃjaya uvāca rājan tataḥ ca kurupāṇḍavāḥ sahitāḥ tu
śarvaryām vyatītāyām vihṛtya punaḥ yuddhāya niryayuḥ

1. Sañjaya said: O King, after that, once the night had passed, the Kurus and Pāṇḍavas, united, again departed for battle.

Words meanings summery:

• संजय (saṁjaya) - The charioteer and narrator of the Mahābhārata to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Sañjaya)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• विहृत्य (vihṛtya) - In the context of 'spent the night', it implies having rested or passed the time. (having passed (time), having rested, having recreated)

• च (ca) - and

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, thereafter

• राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O King)

• सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - together, accompanied, united

• कुरुपाण्डवाः (kurupāṇḍavāḥ) - the Kurus and Pāṇḍavas

• व्यतीतायाम् (vyatītāyām) - Refers to the night (śarvaryām) having passed. (in the elapsed (night), when it had passed)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• शर्वर्याम् (śarvaryām) - in the night

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more

• युद्धाय (yuddhāya) - for battle, to battle

• निर्ययुः (niryayuḥ) - they went out, departed

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - The charioteer and narrator of the Mahābhārata to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Sañjaya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - victorious, conqueror; name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect

Perfect 3rd person singular, root vac (irregular formation)

Root: vac (class 2)

विहृत्य (vihṛtya) - In the context of 'spent the night', it implies having rested or passed the time. (having passed (time), having rested, having recreated)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

absolutive from root hṛ with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: hṛ (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, thereafter

(indeclinable)

ablative suffix -tas added to pronoun base 'tad'

राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - together, accompanied, united

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahita

sahita - accompanied, joined, united, together with

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root sah with prefix sa-

Prefix: sa

Root: sah (class 1)

कुरुपाण्डवाः (kurupāṇḍavāḥ) - the Kurus and Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kurupāṇḍava

kurupāṇḍava - Kurus and Pāṇḍavas

Compound type : dvandva (kuru+pāṇḍava)

• kuru – descendant of Kuru
  proper noun (masculine)
• pāṇḍava – descendant of Pāṇḍu
  proper noun (masculine)

व्यतीतायाम् (vyatītāyām) - Refers to the night (śarvaryām) having passed. (in the elapsed (night), when it had passed)

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, singular of vyatīta

vyatīta - passed, gone by, elapsed

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root i with prefixes vi-ati-

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: i (class 2)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

शर्वर्याम् (śarvaryām) - in the night

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of śarvarī

śarvarī - night

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more

(indeclinable)

युद्धाय (yuddhāya) - for battle, to battle

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

निर्ययुः (niryayuḥ) - they went out, departed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of yā

Perfect

Perfect 3rd person plural, root yā with prefix nir-

Prefix: nir

Root: yā (class 2)