महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-71, verse-6

शिरोऽभूद्द्रुपदस्तस्य पाण्डवश्च धनंजयः ।
चक्षुषी सहदेवश्च नकुलश्च महारथः ।
तुण्डमासीन्महाराज भीमसेनो महाबलः ॥६॥

6. śiro'bhūddrupadastasya pāṇḍavaśca dhanaṁjayaḥ ,
cakṣuṣī sahadevaśca nakulaśca mahārathaḥ ,
tuṇḍamāsīnmahārāja bhīmaseno mahābalaḥ.

6. śiraḥ abhūt drupadaḥ tasya pāṇḍavaḥ
ca dhanaṃjayaḥ cakṣuṣī sahadevaḥ
ca nakulaḥ ca mahārathaḥ tuṇḍam
āsīt mahārāja bhīmasenaḥ mahābalaḥ

6. mahārāja tasya śiraḥ drupadaḥ ca
pāṇḍavaḥ dhanaṃjayaḥ abhūt cakṣuṣī
sahadevaḥ ca mahārathaḥ nakulaḥ
ca tuṇḍam mahābalaḥ bhīmasenaḥ āsīt

6. O great king, Drupada and the Pandava Dhanañjaya (Arjuna) formed its head. Sahadeva and the great warrior (mahāratha) Nakula were its two eyes. Bhimasena, the mighty one, became its snout.

Words meanings summery:

• शिरः (śiraḥ) - the head (of the formation) (head)

• अभूत् (abhūt) - was, became

• द्रुपदः (drupadaḥ) - Drupada (King of Pañchāla) (Drupada)

• तस्य (tasya) - its (referring to the formation) (his, its, of that)

• पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - the Pandava (referring to Arjuna) (a descendant of Pandu, a Pandava)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• धनंजयः (dhanaṁjayaḥ) - Dhanañjaya (Arjuna) (Dhanañjaya (Arjuna, 'conqueror of wealth'))

• चक्षुषी (cakṣuṣī) - its two eyes (of the formation) (two eyes)

• सहदेवः (sahadevaḥ) - Sahadeva (the youngest Pandava) (Sahadeva)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• नकुलः (nakulaḥ) - Nakula (one of the Pandavas) (Nakula)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - the great warrior (qualifying Nakula) (great warrior)

• तुण्डम् (tuṇḍam) - the snout (of the formation) (snout, mouth, beak)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, became (was, existed)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (addressing Dhritarashtra) (O great king)

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena (the second Pandava) (Bhimasena)

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - the mighty one (qualifying Bhimasena) (mighty, very strong)

Words meanings and morphology

शिरः (śiraḥ) - the head (of the formation) (head)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, top, peak

अभूत् (abhūt) - was, became

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past aorist (luṅ) of bhū

Aorist Tense

a- (augment) + bhū (root) + -t (3rd singular aorist ending)

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Serves as the copula for Drupada and Dhanañjaya.

द्रुपदः (drupadaḥ) - Drupada (King of Pañchāla) (Drupada)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drupada

drupada - Drupada (proper name, 'wood-footed', 'swift-footed')

Note: One of the components of the head.

तस्य (tasya) - its (referring to the formation) (his, its, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to the `vyūham` (formation).

पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - the Pandava (referring to Arjuna) (a descendant of Pandu, a Pandava)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pandu; relating to Pandu

Derived from Paṇḍu (name of king) + -a (patronymic suffix)

Note: Qualifies Dhanañjaya.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects Drupada and Dhanañjaya.

धनंजयः (dhanaṁjayaḥ) - Dhanañjaya (Arjuna) (Dhanañjaya (Arjuna, 'conqueror of wealth'))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanaṃjaya

dhanaṁjaya - Dhanañjaya (proper name, Arjuna, 'conqueror of wealth')

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (dhana+ṃ-jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches, money
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – victory, conquest; victorious, conquering
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  Derived from root ji- (to conquer) + -a suffix
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Arjuna, one of the Pandavas.

चक्षुषी (cakṣuṣī) - its two eyes (of the formation) (two eyes)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, dual of cakṣus

cakṣus - eye, sight

Note: Refers to Sahadeva and Nakula.

सहदेवः (sahadevaḥ) - Sahadeva (the youngest Pandava) (Sahadeva)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahadeva

sahadeva - Sahadeva (proper name, 'with the gods', 'having gods')

Compound type : bahuvrihi (saha+deva)

• saha – with, together with
  indeclinable
• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)

Note: One of the eyes of the formation.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects Sahadeva and Nakula.

नकुलः (nakulaḥ) - Nakula (one of the Pandavas) (Nakula)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nakula

nakula - Nakula (proper name, 'mongoose')

Note: One of the eyes of the formation.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects Sahadeva and Nakula, or rather continues the list of those forming the eyes.

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - the great warrior (qualifying Nakula) (great warrior)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great warrior; a warrior capable of fighting 10,000 archers simultaneously

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot; warrior (who rides a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Nakula.

तुण्डम् (tuṇḍam) - the snout (of the formation) (snout, mouth, beak)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tuṇḍa

tuṇḍa - snout, beak, mouth

Note: Refers to Bhimasena.

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, became (was, existed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect Tense

a- (augment) + as (root) + -īt (3rd singular imperfect ending)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Serves as the copula for Bhimasena.

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (addressing Dhritarashtra) (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārājan

mahārājan - great king, emperor

Compound type : karma-dhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to Dhritarashtra by Sanjaya.

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena (the second Pandava) (Bhimasena)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhimasena (proper name, 'having a terrible army')

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bhīma+senā)

• bhīma – terrible, formidable
  adjective
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• senā – army, host
  noun (feminine)

Note: The snout of the formation.

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - the mighty one (qualifying Bhimasena) (mighty, very strong)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - mighty, very strong; great strength

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies Bhimasena.