महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-71, verse-17

ग्रीवायां शूरसेनस्तु तव पुत्रश्च मारिष ।
दुर्योधनो महाराज राजभिर्बहुभिर्वृतः ॥१७॥

17. grīvāyāṁ śūrasenastu tava putraśca māriṣa ,
duryodhano mahārāja rājabhirbahubhirvṛtaḥ.

17. grīvāyāṃ śūrasenaḥ tu tava putraḥ ca māriṣa
duryodhanaḥ mahārāja rājabhiḥ bahubhiḥ vṛtaḥ

17. māriṣa grīvāyāṃ tu śūrasenaḥ (āsīt) mahārāja tava
putraḥ duryodhanaḥ ca bahubhiḥ rājabhiḥ vṛtaḥ (āsīt)

17. O venerable one (māriṣa), Śūrasena was positioned on the neck (grīvāyām) [of the array], and your son, O great king (mahārāja), Duryodhana, was surrounded by many kings.

Words meanings summery:

• ग्रीवायां (grīvāyāṁ) - in the position of the neck (in the army formation) (on the neck, at the neck)

• शूरसेनः (śūrasenaḥ) - Śūrasena, a warrior (Śūrasena)

• तु (tu) - indeed, for emphasis (but, indeed, however, and)

• तव (tava) - your (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (your, of you)

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son (Duryodhana) (son)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• मारिष (māriṣa) - O respected Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O venerable one, O respected one)

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana, son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Duryodhana)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O great king)

• राजभिः (rājabhiḥ) - by kings

• बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded (surrounded, encompassed, covered)

Words meanings and morphology

ग्रीवायां (grīvāyāṁ) - in the position of the neck (in the army formation) (on the neck, at the neck)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of grīvā

grīvā - neck, throat

Root: gṛ (class 6)

शूरसेनः (śūrasenaḥ) - Śūrasena, a warrior (Śūrasena)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūrasena

śūrasena - warrior army; proper name of a king or people

compound of śūra (hero) + sena (army)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śūra+sena)

• śūra – brave, valiant, hero
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  Root: śū (class 1)
• sena – army, troop, weapon
  noun (feminine)
  Root: si (class 4)

तु (tu) - indeed, for emphasis (but, indeed, however, and)

(indeclinable)

तव (tava) - your (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you (2nd person pronoun)

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son (Duryodhana) (son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Root: put

Note: Refers to Duryodhana.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjoins the phrases about Śūrasena and Duryodhana.

मारिष (māriṣa) - O respected Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O venerable one, O respected one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of māriṣa

māriṣa - venerable, respected, noble sir (often used in address)

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana, son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Duryodhana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - difficult to conquer; proper name

compound of dur (bad, difficult) + yodhana (fighter)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+yodhana)

• dur – bad, difficult, hard
  indeclinable
• yodhana – fighting, a fighter, warrior
  noun (masculine)
  verbal noun
  from root yudh (to fight)
  Root: yudh (class 4)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

compound of mahā (great) + rājan (king)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
  stem of mahat
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

राजभिः (rājabhiḥ) - by kings

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

Note: Agrees with rājabhiḥ.

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded (surrounded, encompassed, covered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - surrounded, covered, chosen, appointed

Past Passive Participle

from root vṛ (to cover, surround)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with Duryodhana.