महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-70, verse-34

एतस्मिन्नेव काले तु सूर्येऽस्तमुपगच्छति ।
सर्वेषामेव सैन्यानां प्रमोहः समजायत ॥३४॥

34. etasminneva kāle tu sūrye'stamupagacchati ,
sarveṣāmeva sainyānāṁ pramohaḥ samajāyata.

34. etasmin eva kāle tu sūrye astam upagacchati
sarveṣām eva sainyānām pramohaḥ samajāyata

34. tu etasmin eva kāle sūrye astam upagacchati
sarveṣām eva sainyānām pramohaḥ samajāyata

34. But at that very time, as the sun was setting, great confusion arose among all the armies.

Words meanings summery:

• एतस्मिन् (etasmin) - at this (in this, at this)

• एव (eva) - very (indeed, just, only, very)

• काले (kāle) - at the time (in time, at the time)

• तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, however)

• सूर्ये (sūrye) - the sun (used in locative absolute) (in the sun, on the sun)

• अस्तम् (astam) - setting (as in sunset) (setting, home, disappearance)

• उपगच्छति (upagacchati) - going towards, approaching (setting) (approaches, goes towards)

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

• एव (eva) - indeed (emphasizing 'all') (indeed, just, only, very)

• सैन्यानाम् (sainyānām) - of the armies (of the armies, of the soldiers)

• प्रमोहः (pramohaḥ) - great confusion (great confusion, delusion, bewilderment)

• समजायत (samajāyata) - arose (arose, was born, came into being)

Words meanings and morphology

एतस्मिन् (etasmin) - at this (in this, at this)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, that

एव (eva) - very (indeed, just, only, very)

(indeclinable)

काले (kāle) - at the time (in time, at the time)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, period

तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, however)

(indeclinable)

सूर्ये (sūrye) - the sun (used in locative absolute) (in the sun, on the sun)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - sun, sun god

अस्तम् (astam) - setting (as in sunset) (setting, home, disappearance)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of asta

asta - home, setting (of sun), disappearance

Note: used adverbially with upagacchati, indicating direction 'to setting'

उपगच्छति (upagacchati) - going towards, approaching (setting) (approaches, goes towards)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of gam

gam - to go, to approach

present active participle (masc. singular locative)

present participle, 3rd person, singular, active voice, from root gam, used in locative absolute construction

Prefix: upa

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Present active participle in locative singular, part of a locative absolute construction with 'sūrye'.

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

एव (eva) - indeed (emphasizing 'all') (indeed, just, only, very)

(indeclinable)

सैन्यानाम् (sainyānām) - of the armies (of the armies, of the soldiers)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of sainya

sainya - army, host, military

प्रमोहः (pramohaḥ) - great confusion (great confusion, delusion, bewilderment)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pramoha

pramoha - great delusion, unconsciousness, infatuation, error

from root muh with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: muh (class 4)

समजायत (samajāyata) - arose (arose, was born, came into being)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of jan

imperfect middle/passive 3rd singular

imperfect tense (laṅ), 3rd person, singular, middle/passive voice, from root jan

Prefix: sam

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Can be considered passive or middle. For intransitive verbs like 'to arise', middle voice is often equivalent to active in meaning.