महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-70, verse-19

तमेकं रथिनां श्रेष्ठं शरवर्षैरवाकिरन् ।
प्रावृषीव महाशैलं सिषिचुर्जलदा नृप ॥१९॥

19. tamekaṁ rathināṁ śreṣṭhaṁ śaravarṣairavākiran ,
prāvṛṣīva mahāśailaṁ siṣicurjaladā nṛpa.

19. tam ekam rathinām śreṣṭham śara-varṣaiḥ avākiran
prāvṛṣi iva mahā-śailam siṣicuḥ jaladā nṛpa

19. nṛpa,
jaladā prāvṛṣi iva mahā-śailam,
tam ekam rathinām śreṣṭham śara-varṣaiḥ avākiran siṣicuḥ

19. O king, they showered that one, the best among charioteers, with volleys of arrows, just as clouds in the rainy season drench a great mountain.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - Refers to Abhimanyu. (that (one), him)

• एकम् (ekam) - one, a single, unique

• रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers, among charioteers

• श्रेष्ठम् (śreṣṭham) - best, most excellent, foremost

• शर-वर्षैः (śara-varṣaiḥ) - with showers of arrows, by volleys of arrows

• अवाकिरन् (avākiran) - they showered, they scattered (upon)

• प्रावृषि (prāvṛṣi) - in the rainy season, during the monsoon

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• महा-शैलम् (mahā-śailam) - a great mountain, a huge rock

• सिषिचुः (siṣicuḥ) - they drenched, they moistened, they sprinkled

• जलदा (jaladā) - clouds (literally, water-givers)

• नृप (nṛpa) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra by Sañjaya. (O king, ruler)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - Refers to Abhimanyu. (that (one), him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, those

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of 'avākiran'.

एकम् (ekam) - one, a single, unique

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, a single, unique, principal, chief

Note: Qualifies 'tam'.

रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers, among charioteers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior fighting from a chariot, possessor of a chariot

Derived from ratha (chariot) + -in (possessive suffix).

Note: Partitive genitive with 'śreṣṭham'.

श्रेष्ठम् (śreṣṭham) - best, most excellent, foremost

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, supreme, chief, principal

Superlative degree of 'praśasya' (excellent).

Note: Qualifies 'tam' and 'ekam'.

शर-वर्षैः (śara-varṣaiḥ) - with showers of arrows, by volleys of arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of śara-varṣa

śara-varṣa - shower of arrows, rain of arrows

Tatpuruṣa compound ('śarāṇām varṣaḥ').

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+varṣa)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, shower, raining
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root vṛṣ (to rain).
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Instrument of the action of showering.

अवाकिरन् (avākiran) - they showered, they scattered (upon)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of ava-kīr

Imperfect (Laṅ)

Third person plural active, past tense. Formed with upasarga 'ava'.

Prefix: ava

Root: kīr (class 6)

Note: Main verb, describes the action of the warriors (implied subject from previous verse).

प्रावृषि (prāvṛṣi) - in the rainy season, during the monsoon

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of prāvṛṣ

prāvṛṣ - rainy season, monsoon, the rains

Note: Specifies time for the comparison.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle indicating comparison or simile.

Note: Introduces the simile.

महा-शैलम् (mahā-śailam) - a great mountain, a huge rock

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahā-śaila

mahā-śaila - great mountain, huge rock

Karmadhāraya compound ('mahān śailaḥ' - a great mountain).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+śaila)

• mahā – great, mighty, large, extensive
  adjective
• śaila – mountain, rock, hill
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'siṣicuḥ' in the simile.

सिषिचुः (siṣicuḥ) - they drenched, they moistened, they sprinkled

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (liṭ) of sic

Perfect (Liṭ)

Third person plural active, perfect tense. Perfect tense often used vividly for past actions.

Root: sic (class 6)

Note: Main verb of the simile clause, describing the action of the clouds.

जलदा (jaladā) - clouds (literally, water-givers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jalada

jalada - cloud (giver of water)

Upapada Tatpuruṣa compound ('jalam dadāti iti' - that which gives water).

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (jala+da)

• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
• da – giving, bestowing, granting
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective
  Derived from root dā (to give).
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Subject of 'siṣicuḥ'.

नृप (nṛpa) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra by Sañjaya. (O king, ruler)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler, monarch (literally, protector of men)

Upapada Tatpuruṣa compound ('nṛṇām pāti iti' - he who protects men).

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, human being, person
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protecting, guarding, ruling
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective
  Derived from root pā (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)