महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-70, verse-15

एवमुक्तस्तदा शूरैस्तानुवाच महाबलः ।
वीर्यश्लाघी नरश्रेष्ठस्तान्दृष्ट्वा समुपस्थितान् ॥१५॥

15. evamuktastadā śūraistānuvāca mahābalaḥ ,
vīryaślāghī naraśreṣṭhastāndṛṣṭvā samupasthitān.

15. evam uktaḥ tadā śūraiḥ tān uvāca mahābalaḥ
vīryaślāghī naraśreṣṭhaḥ tān dṛṣṭvā samupasthitān

15. tadā śūraiḥ evam uktaḥ vīryaślāghī naraśreṣṭhaḥ
mahābalaḥ tān samupasthitān dṛṣṭvā tān uvāca

15. When addressed in this manner by the heroes, that mighty warrior, who boasted of his prowess and was the foremost among men, seeing them standing before him, replied to them.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - Referring to the challenge issued in the previous verse. (thus, in this manner, so)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - Refers to the address received by the mighty warrior. (spoken, said, addressed)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• शूरैः (śūraiḥ) - Refers to the Pāṇḍava heroes. (by the heroes, by the brave ones)

• तान् (tān) - Refers to the heroes who spoke. (to them (accusative))

• उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke, he said

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - The warrior being addressed (e.g., Duryodhana). (the mighty one, of great strength)

• वीर्यश्लाघी (vīryaślāghī) - Describes the character of the mighty warrior. (boasting of valor, extolling prowess)

• नरश्रेष्ठः (naraśreṣṭhaḥ) - An epithet for the mighty warrior. (best among men, foremost of men)

• तान् (tān) - Refers to the heroes standing before him. (them)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• समुपस्थितान् (samupasthitān) - Refers to the heroes who had approached. (those who had come near, those who were standing before, those present)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - Referring to the challenge issued in the previous verse. (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - Refers to the address received by the mighty warrior. (spoken, said, addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vac' (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'mahābalaḥ'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time.

शूरैः (śūraiḥ) - Refers to the Pāṇḍava heroes. (by the heroes, by the brave ones)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - hero, brave, valiant

A-stem masculine noun.

Root: śūr (class 10)

तान् (tān) - Refers to the heroes who spoke. (to them (accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine.

Note: Direct object of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Irregular perfect form of root 'vac'.

Root: vac (class 2)

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - The warrior being addressed (e.g., Duryodhana). (the mighty one, of great strength)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, mighty

Compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  Feminine stem of mahat, used as a prefix.
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bal (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

वीर्यश्लाघी (vīryaślāghī) - Describes the character of the mighty warrior. (boasting of valor, extolling prowess)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīryaślāghin

vīryaślāghin - boasting of valor, praising one's own prowess

Compound noun, agent noun from 'ślāgh' (to boast) + 'vīrya' (valor).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vīrya+ślāghin)

• vīrya – valor, heroism, strength, energy
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vīr
• ślāghin – boasting, praising, extolling
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root 'ślāgh' + 'ini' suffix.
  Root: ślāgh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'mahābalaḥ'.

नरश्रेष्ठः (naraśreṣṭhaḥ) - An epithet for the mighty warrior. (best among men, foremost of men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of naraśreṣṭha

naraśreṣṭha - best of men, foremost among men

Compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+śreṣṭha)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree of praśasya (excellent).

Note: Qualifies 'mahābalaḥ'.

तान् (tān) - Refers to the heroes standing before him. (them)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine.

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'dṛś'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

समुपस्थितान् (samupasthitān) - Refers to the heroes who had approached. (those who had come near, those who were standing before, those present)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of samupasthita

samupasthita - standing near, present, arrived, approached

Past Passive Participle

From root 'sthā' (to stand) with prefixes 'sam' and 'upa'.

Prefixes: sam+upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tān' (them).

Previous Verse Next Verse