महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-70, verse-29

तवापि तनयो राजन्भूरिश्रवसमाहवे ।
आरोपयद्रथं तूर्णं पश्यतां सर्वधन्विनाम् ॥२९॥

29. tavāpi tanayo rājanbhūriśravasamāhave ,
āropayadrathaṁ tūrṇaṁ paśyatāṁ sarvadhanvinām.

29. tava api tanayaḥ rājan bhūriśravasam āhave
āropayat ratham tūrṇam paśyatām sarvadhanvinām

29. rājan tava api tanayaḥ āhave sarvadhanvinām
paśyatām bhūriśravasam tūrṇam ratham āropayat

29. O King, even your son quickly mounted Bhūriśravas onto his chariot, while all the archers watched in the battle.

Words meanings summery:

• तव (tava) - your, yours

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• तनयः (tanayaḥ) - Referring to Duryodhana, Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son. (son, offspring)

• राजन् (rājan) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O King)

• भूरिश्रवसम् (bhūriśravasam) - Bhūriśravas, son of Somadatta, a prominent Kaurava ally. (Bhūriśravas)

• आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in combat

• आरोपयत् (āropayat) - Duryodhana quickly mounted Bhūriśravas onto the chariot. (he mounted, he caused to ascend, he lifted onto)

• रथम् (ratham) - onto Bhūriśravas's chariot. (chariot)

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly, rapidly

• पश्यताम् (paśyatām) - While all the archers were observing. (of those seeing, while seeing)

• सर्वधन्विनाम् (sarvadhanvinām) - of all archers

Words meanings and morphology

तव (tava) - your, yours

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

तनयः (tanayaḥ) - Referring to Duryodhana, Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son. (son, offspring)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tanaya

tanaya - son, offspring

Derived from root 'tan' (to stretch, extend) with suffix -aya. Means 'one who extends the family line'.

Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Subject of the verb 'āropayat'.

राजन् (rājan) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Direct address.

भूरिश्रवसम् (bhūriśravasam) - Bhūriśravas, son of Somadatta, a prominent Kaurava ally. (Bhūriśravas)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhūriśravas

bhūriśravas - Bhūriśravas (proper name)

Note: Direct object of the verb 'āropayat'.

आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āhava

āhava - battle, conflict, challenge

From 'ā-hu' (to call to, challenge).

Prefix: ā

Root: hu (class 3)

Note: Indicates the location of the action.

आरोपयत् (āropayat) - Duryodhana quickly mounted Bhūriśravas onto the chariot. (he mounted, he caused to ascend, he lifted onto)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of āropay

causative of ā-ruh

Causative stem formed from the root 'ruh' (to ascend) with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

रथम् (ratham) - onto Bhūriśravas's chariot. (chariot)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

Note: Indicates the destination of the mounting action.

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly, rapidly

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle (indeclinable)

From root 'tvar' (to hasten). Often used adverbially.

Root: tvar (class 1)

पश्यताम् (paśyatām) - While all the archers were observing. (of those seeing, while seeing)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of paśyat

paśyat - seeing, observing

Present Active Participle

From root 'dṛś' (to see), with 'paśya' stem.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'sarvadhanvinām', forming a genitive absolute construction.

सर्वधन्विनाम् (sarvadhanvinām) - of all archers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarvadhanvin

sarvadhanvin - all archers

Compound of 'sarva' (all) and 'dhanvin' (archer).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+dhanvin)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (masculine)
• dhanvin – archer, bowman
  noun (masculine)
  From 'dhanu' (bow) + possessive suffix -in.

Note: Possessive form, indicating 'of all archers'.