महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-57, verse-7

तस्य लाघवमार्गस्थमादित्यसदृशप्रभम् ।
व्यदृश्यत महच्चापं समरे युध्यतः परैः ॥७॥

7. tasya lāghavamārgasthamādityasadṛśaprabham ,
vyadṛśyata mahaccāpaṁ samare yudhyataḥ paraiḥ.

7. tasya lāghavamārgastham ādityasadṛśaprabham
vyadṛśyata mahat cāpam samare yudhyataḥ paraiḥ

7. paraiḥ samare yudhyataḥ tasya lāghavamārgastham ādityasadṛśaprabham mahat cāpam vyadṛśyata.

7. His great bow, [known for] its agile operation (lāghavamārgastha) and shining like the sun, was seen in battle as he fought against his foes.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

• लाघवमार्गस्थम् (lāghavamārgastham) - whose agile operation was evident (referring to the bow) (adept in agility, skilled in swift movements)

• आदित्यसदृशप्रभम् (ādityasadṛśaprabham) - shining like the sun

• व्यदृश्यत (vyadṛśyata) - was seen, appeared

• महत् (mahat) - great, large

• चापम् (cāpam) - bow

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

• युध्यतः (yudhyataḥ) - of Abhimanyu fighting (of him fighting, of the one who fights)

• परैः (paraiḥ) - by enemies, with enemies

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun, genitive singular masculine.

Note: Refers to Abhimanyu; modifies 'cāpam'.

लाघवमार्गस्थम् (lāghavamārgastham) - whose agile operation was evident (referring to the bow) (adept in agility, skilled in swift movements)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of lāghavamārgastha

lāghavamārgastha - standing in the path of lightness/swiftness, adept in agile movement

Compound of lāghava (lightness, agility) + mārga (path, way) + stha (standing, abiding). Used here in nominative singular neuter, modifying 'cāpam'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (lāghava+mārga+stha)

• lāghava – lightness, agility, swiftness
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from laghu (light).
• mārga – path, way, course
  noun (masculine)
• stha – standing, abiding, being in
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root sthā (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'cāpam'.

आदित्यसदृशप्रभम् (ādityasadṛśaprabham) - shining like the sun

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ādityasadṛśaprabha

ādityasadṛśaprabha - having a luster similar to the sun, shining like the sun

Compound of āditya (sun) + sadṛśa (similar) + prabhā (luster). Bahuvrihi compound: 'that whose splendor is like the sun'. Used here in nominative singular neuter, modifying 'cāpam'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (āditya+sadṛśa+prabhā)

• āditya – sun, son of Aditi
  noun (masculine)
• sadṛśa – similar, like, resembling
  adjective (masculine)
• prabhā – light, splendor, radiance
  noun (feminine)

Note: Modifies 'cāpam'.

व्यदृश्यत (vyadṛśyata) - was seen, appeared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, past imperfect (laṅ) of vyadṛś

Imperfect Passive

Root dṛś (to see) with prefix vi. Third person singular imperfect passive.

Prefix: vi

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Main verb.

महत् (mahat) - great, large

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, noble

Note: Modifies 'cāpam'.

चापम् (cāpam) - bow

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of cāpa

cāpa - bow

Note: Subject of 'vyadṛśyata'.

समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

Note: Indicates location of the action.

युध्यतः (yudhyataḥ) - of Abhimanyu fighting (of him fighting, of the one who fights)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yudhyat

yudhyat - fighting, warrior

Present Active Participle

Derived from root yudh (to fight) with śatṛ suffix.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Modifies the implied subject of 'tasya'.

परैः (paraiḥ) - by enemies, with enemies

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of para

para - other, hostile, enemy

Note: Indicates agent/instrument in the context of 'yudhyataḥ' (fighting with).