महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-57, verse-16

धनुर्विस्फार्य संक्रुद्धश्चोदयित्वा वरूथिनीम् ।
ययौ तन्मद्रकानीकं केकयांश्च परंतपः ॥१६॥

16. dhanurvisphārya saṁkruddhaścodayitvā varūthinīm ,
yayau tanmadrakānīkaṁ kekayāṁśca paraṁtapaḥ.

16. dhanuḥ visphārya saṃkruddhaḥ codayitvā varūthinīm
yayau tat madrakānīkam kekayān ca paraṃtapaḥ

16. saṃkruddhaḥ paraṃtapaḥ dhanuḥ visphārya,
varūthinīm codayitvā,
tat madrakānīkam ca kekayān yayau.

16. The tormentor of enemies (Dhṛṣṭadyumna), greatly enraged, twanged his bow, urged on his army, and then advanced towards that Madra army and the Kekayas.

Words meanings summery:

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

• विस्फार्य (visphārya) - having twanged, having stretched

• संक्रुद्धः (saṁkruddhaḥ) - very enraged, furious

• चोदयित्वा (codayitvā) - having urged on, having impelled

• वरूथिनीम् (varūthinīm) - the army, host

• ययौ (yayau) - he went, he proceeded

• तत् (tat) - Refers to the Madra army. (that)

• मद्रकानीकम् (madrakānīkam) - the Madra army

• केकयान् (kekayān) - the Kekayas (a people/kingdom)

• च (ca) - and

• परंतपः (paraṁtapaḥ) - A common epithet for powerful warriors, here referring to Dhṛṣṭadyumna. (tormentor of enemies, subjugator of foes)

Words meanings and morphology

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, weapon

विस्फार्य (visphārya) - having twanged, having stretched

(indeclinable participle)

संक्रुद्धः (saṁkruddhaḥ) - very enraged, furious

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃkruddha

saṁkruddha - very angry, enraged

Past Passive Participle

Root 'kudh' (to be angry) with prefix 'sam-' (fully, completely) + suffix '-ta'.

Prefix: sam

Root: kudh (class 4)

चोदयित्वा (codayitvā) - having urged on, having impelled

(indeclinable participle)

वरूथिनीम् (varūthinīm) - the army, host

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of varūthinī

varūthinī - army, host, forces

ययौ (yayau) - he went, he proceeded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of i

Root: i (class 2)

तत् (tat) - Refers to the Madra army. (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, those

मद्रकानीकम् (madrakānīkam) - the Madra army

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of madrakānīka

madrakānīka - army of the Madras (a people/kingdom)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madraka+anīka)

• madraka – related to the Madras, a Madra warrior
  adjective (masculine)
• anīka – army, host, battle array
  noun (neuter)

केकयान् (kekayān) - the Kekayas (a people/kingdom)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kekaya

kekaya - name of a country and its people

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

परंतपः (paraṁtapaḥ) - A common epithet for powerful warriors, here referring to Dhṛṣṭadyumna. (tormentor of enemies, subjugator of foes)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - tormentor of foes, conqueror of enemies

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (param+tapa)

• param – other, enemy, foe (often the accusative of 'para' meaning 'another' used adverbially or as first member of compound)
  adjective (masculine)
• tapa – heating, tormenting, causing pain
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root 'tap' (to heat, torment).
  Root: tap (class 1)