महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-57, verse-24

स हताश्वे रथे तिष्ठन्ददर्श भरतर्षभ ।
पुत्रः सांयमनेः पुत्रं पाञ्चाल्यस्य महात्मनः ॥२४॥

24. sa hatāśve rathe tiṣṭhandadarśa bharatarṣabha ,
putraḥ sāṁyamaneḥ putraṁ pāñcālyasya mahātmanaḥ.

24. saḥ hatāśve rathe tiṣṭhan dadarśa bharatarṣabha
putraḥ sāṃyamaneḥ putram pāñcālyasya mahātmanaḥ

24. bharatarṣabha saḥ sāṃyamaneḥ putraḥ hatāśve rathe
tiṣṭhan mahātmanaḥ pāñcālyasya putram dadarśa

24. O best of Bharatas (bharatarṣabha), he, the son of Sāṃyamani (Aśvatthāman), standing on his chariot whose horses had been killed, then saw the son of the great-souled Pāñcāla (Dhṛṣṭadyumna).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Aśvatthāman) (he)

• हताश्वे (hatāśve) - on his chariot, whose horses had been killed (on the chariot whose horses were killed/destroyed)

• रथे (rathe) - on the chariot

• तिष्ठन् (tiṣṭhan) - standing (in the chariot) (standing)

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - saw (saw, beheld)

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of Bharatas (vocative, addressing the listener, likely Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O best of Bharatas, O foremost of the Bharatas)

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - the son (referring to Aśvatthāman) (son)

• सांयमनेः (sāṁyamaneḥ) - of Sāṃyamani (Droṇa) (of Sāṃyamani)

• पुत्रम् (putram) - the son (referring to Dhṛṣṭadyumna, who is a Pāñcāla prince) (son)

• पाञ्चाल्यस्य (pāñcālyasya) - of the Pāñcāla prince (Dhṛṣṭadyumna) (of the Pāñcāla prince)

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled (Pāñcāla) (of the great-souled, of the noble)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Aśvatthāman) (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Nominative singular masculine of tad

Note: Refers to Aśvatthāman, whose horses were just killed.

हताश्वे (hatāśve) - on his chariot, whose horses had been killed (on the chariot whose horses were killed/destroyed)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of hatāśva

hatāśva - one whose horses are killed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+aśva)

• hata – killed, struck, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root han (to strike/kill)
  Root: han (class 2)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies `rathe`.

रथे (rathe) - on the chariot

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

तिष्ठन् (tiṣṭhan) - standing (in the chariot) (standing)

(nominal form)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthā

sthā - to stand, to remain

Present Active Participle

Root sthā (to stand), 1st class, Present Active Participle, nominative singular masculine

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `saḥ`.

ददर्श (dadarśa) - saw (saw, beheld)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of dṛś

Perfect

Root dṛś (to see), 3rd person singular perfect active

Root: dṛś (class 1)

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of Bharatas (vocative, addressing the listener, likely Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O best of Bharatas, O foremost of the Bharatas)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - best of Bharatas, foremost among the Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, an ancient king
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, foremost
  noun (masculine)

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - the son (referring to Aśvatthāman) (son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

Note: Appositive to `saḥ`.

सांयमनेः (sāṁyamaneḥ) - of Sāṃyamani (Droṇa) (of Sāṃyamani)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sāṃyamani

sāṁyamani - a patronymic, son of Saṃyamana (referring to Droṇa)

Note: Possessive for `putraḥ`.

पुत्रम् (putram) - the son (referring to Dhṛṣṭadyumna, who is a Pāñcāla prince) (son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

Note: Object of `dadarśa`.

पाञ्चाल्यस्य (pāñcālyasya) - of the Pāñcāla prince (Dhṛṣṭadyumna) (of the Pāñcāla prince)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pāñcālya

pāñcālya - a prince of the Pāñcālas (often Dhṛṣṭadyumna)

Note: Possessive for `putram`.

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled (Pāñcāla) (of the great-souled, of the noble)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies `pāñcālyasya`.