महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-57, verse-21

ततः सांयमनेः पुत्रः पाञ्चाल्यं युद्धदुर्मदम् ।
अविध्यत्त्रिंशता बाणैर्दशभिश्चास्य सारथिम् ॥२१॥

21. tataḥ sāṁyamaneḥ putraḥ pāñcālyaṁ yuddhadurmadam ,
avidhyattriṁśatā bāṇairdaśabhiścāsya sārathim.

21. tataḥ sāṃyamaneḥ putraḥ pāñcālyam yuddhadurmadam
avidhyat triṃśatā bāṇaiḥ daśabhiḥ ca asya sārathim

21. tataḥ sāṃyamaneḥ putraḥ yuddhadurmadam pāñcālyam
triṃśatā bāṇaiḥ avidhyat ca asya sārathim daśabhiḥ

21. Then the son of Sāṃyamani (Aśvatthāman) pierced Pāñcālya (Dhṛṣṭadyumna), who was fiercely arrogant in battle, with thirty arrows, and his (Pāñcālya's) charioteer with ten (arrows).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, indicating a sequence of events (then, afterwards, thence)

• सांयमनेः (sāṁyamaneḥ) - of Sāṃyamani (referring to Droṇa) (of Sāṃyamani)

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - the son (referring to Aśvatthāman) (son)

• पाञ्चाल्यम् (pāñcālyam) - to Dhṛṣṭadyumna, the Pāñcāla prince (to the Pāñcāla prince)

• युद्धदुर्मदम् (yuddhadurmadam) - who was fiercely arrogant in battle (maddened by battle, fierce in battle)

• अविध्यत् (avidhyat) - pierced (pierced, struck)

• त्रिंशता (triṁśatā) - with thirty (arrows) (with thirty)

• बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - with arrows

• दशभिः (daśabhiḥ) - with ten (arrows) (with ten)

• च (ca) - and

• अस्य (asya) - his (Pāñcālya's) (his, of him)

• सारथिम् (sārathim) - (Pāñcālya's) charioteer (charioteer)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, indicating a sequence of events (then, afterwards, thence)

(indeclinable)

सांयमनेः (sāṁyamaneḥ) - of Sāṃyamani (referring to Droṇa) (of Sāṃyamani)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sāṃyamani

sāṁyamani - a patronymic, son of Saṃyamana (referring to Droṇa)

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - the son (referring to Aśvatthāman) (son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

पाञ्चाल्यम् (pāñcālyam) - to Dhṛṣṭadyumna, the Pāñcāla prince (to the Pāñcāla prince)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāñcālya

pāñcālya - a prince of the Pāñcālas (often Dhṛṣṭadyumna)

युद्धदुर्मदम् (yuddhadurmadam) - who was fiercely arrogant in battle (maddened by battle, fierce in battle)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yuddhadurmada

yuddhadurmada - maddened by battle, fiercely arrogant in battle

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yuddha+durmada)

• yuddha – battle, war
  noun (neuter)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• durmada – very arrogant, maddened, intoxicated
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: dur

Note: Qualifies Pāñcālya.

अविध्यत् (avidhyat) - pierced (pierced, struck)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of vidh

Imperfect

Root vyadh (to pierce), 4th class, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular imperfect active

Root: vyadh (class 4)

त्रिंशता (triṁśatā) - with thirty (arrows) (with thirty)

(numeral)

Note: Used as an adjective for implied 'arrows'.

बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

दशभिः (daśabhiḥ) - with ten (arrows) (with ten)

(numeral)

Note: Used as an adjective for implied 'arrows'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - his (Pāñcālya's) (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Genitive singular of idam (masculine/neuter)

Note: Refers to Pāñcālya.

सारथिम् (sārathim) - (Pāñcālya's) charioteer (charioteer)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sārathi

sārathi - charioteer