महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-57, verse-29

बाणवेगमतीतस्य रथाभ्याशमुपेयुषः ।
त्वरन्सेनापतिः क्रुद्धो बिभेद गदया शिरः ॥२९॥

29. bāṇavegamatītasya rathābhyāśamupeyuṣaḥ ,
tvaransenāpatiḥ kruddho bibheda gadayā śiraḥ.

29. bāṇavegam atītasya rathābhyāśam upeyuṣaḥ
tcaran senāpatiḥ kruddhaḥ bibheda gadayā śiraḥ

29. senāpatiḥ kruddhaḥ tcaran gadayā bāṇavegam
atītasya rathābhyāśam upeyuṣaḥ śiraḥ bibheda

29. The enraged general, hurrying, struck with his mace and split the head of the one who had approached the vicinity of his chariot, having surpassed the speed of arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• बाणवेगम् (bāṇavegam) - the speed of arrows, arrow-speed

• अतीतस्य (atītasya) - of one who has surpassed, of the one who has gone beyond

• रथाभ्याशम् (rathābhyāśam) - to the vicinity of the chariot

• उपेयुषः (upeyuṣaḥ) - of one who has approached, having approached

• त्चरन् (tcaran) - hurrying, hastening

• सेनापतिः (senāpatiḥ) - the general, army commander

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry

• बिभेद (bibheda) - he split, he pierced, he broke

• गदया (gadayā) - with a mace

• शिरः (śiraḥ) - the head

Words meanings and morphology

बाणवेगम् (bāṇavegam) - the speed of arrows, arrow-speed

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bāṇavega

bāṇavega - arrow-speed, velocity of arrows

Compound type : tatpurusha (bāṇa+vega)

• bāṇa – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• vega – speed, velocity, force
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vij (class 3)

अतीतस्य (atītasya) - of one who has surpassed, of the one who has gone beyond

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of atīta

atīta - passed, gone beyond, surpassed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'i' (to go) with prefix 'ati' and suffix 'kta'.

Prefix: ati

Root: i (class 2)

रथाभ्याशम् (rathābhyāśam) - to the vicinity of the chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rathābhyāśa

rathābhyāśa - vicinity of a chariot

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+abhyāśa)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• abhyāśa – vicinity, proximity, nearness
  noun (masculine)
  Prefixes: abhi+ā
  Root: aś (class 5)

उपेयुषः (upeyuṣaḥ) - of one who has approached, having approached

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of upeyuṣ

upeyuṣ - having approached, having gone near

Perfect Active Participle (kvasu)

Derived from root 'i' (to go) with prefix 'upa' and suffix 'kvasu'.

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

त्चरन् (tcaran) - hurrying, hastening

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tvarat

tvarat - hurrying, hastening, quick

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'tvar' (to hurry) with suffix 'śatṛ'.

Root: tvar (class 1)

सेनापतिः (senāpatiḥ) - the general, army commander

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of senāpati

senāpati - commander of an army, general

Compound type : tatpurusha (senā+pati)

• senā – army, host, weapon
  noun (feminine)
• pati – master, lord, husband, commander
  noun (masculine)

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged, wrathful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'krudh' (to be angry) with suffix 'kta'.

Root: krudh (class 4)

बिभेद (bibheda) - he split, he pierced, he broke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (Lit) of bhid

Root: bhid (class 7)

गदया (gadayā) - with a mace

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - mace, club

शिरः (śiraḥ) - the head

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, top, peak