महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-57, verse-15

स वारणरथौघानां सहस्रैर्बहुभिर्वृतः ।
वाजिभिः पत्तिभिश्चैव वृतः शतसहस्रशः ॥१५॥

15. sa vāraṇarathaughānāṁ sahasrairbahubhirvṛtaḥ ,
vājibhiḥ pattibhiścaiva vṛtaḥ śatasahasraśaḥ.

15. sa vāraṇarathaughānām sahasraiḥ bahubhiḥ vṛtaḥ
vājibhiḥ pattibhiḥ ca eva vṛtaḥ śatasahasraśaḥ

15. sa bahubhiḥ sahasraiḥ vāraṇarathaughānām vṛtaḥ,
ca eva śatasahasraśaḥ vājibhiḥ pattibhiḥ vṛtaḥ.

15. He (Dhṛṣṭadyumna) was accompanied by many thousands of throngs of elephants and chariots, and indeed, by hundreds of thousands of horses and foot soldiers.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - Refers to Dhṛṣṭadyumna. (he, that)

• वारणरथौघानाम् (vāraṇarathaughānām) - of throngs of elephants and chariots

• सहस्रैः (sahasraiḥ) - by thousands

• बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded, accompanied, covered

• वाजिभिः (vājibhiḥ) - by horses

• पत्तिभिः (pattibhiḥ) - by foot soldiers, by infantry

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded, accompanied

• शतसहस्रशः (śatasahasraśaḥ) - by hundreds of thousands

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - Refers to Dhṛṣṭadyumna. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

वारणरथौघानाम् (vāraṇarathaughānām) - of throngs of elephants and chariots

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vāraṇarathaugha

vāraṇarathaugha - multitude of elephants and chariots

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāraṇa+ratha+ogha)

• vāraṇa – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• ogha – flood, multitude, throng
  noun (masculine)

सहस्रैः (sahasraiḥ) - by thousands

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of sahasra

sahasra - thousand

बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded, accompanied, covered

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - surrounded, covered, chosen

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'vṛ' (to cover, surround, choose).

Root: vṛ (class 5)

वाजिभिः (vājibhiḥ) - by horses

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vājin

vājin - horse, swift, strong

पत्तिभिः (pattibhiḥ) - by foot soldiers, by infantry

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of patti

patti - foot soldier, infantry

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

(indeclinable)

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded, accompanied

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - surrounded, covered, chosen

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'vṛ' (to cover, surround, choose).

Root: vṛ (class 5)

शतसहस्रशः (śatasahasraśaḥ) - by hundreds of thousands

(indeclinable)

Adverbial suffix '-śas' added to 'śatasahasra' (hundred thousand).