महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-100, verse-36

ततः सरथनागाश्वाः पाण्डवाः पाण्डुपूर्वज ।
परिवव्रू रणे भीष्मं माधवत्राणकारणात् ॥३६॥

36. tataḥ sarathanāgāśvāḥ pāṇḍavāḥ pāṇḍupūrvaja ,
parivavrū raṇe bhīṣmaṁ mādhavatrāṇakāraṇāt.

36. tataḥ sarathanāgāśvāḥ pāṇḍavāḥ pāṇḍupūrvaja
parivavruḥ raṇe bhīṣmam mādhavatrāṇakāraṇāt

36. pāṇḍupūrvaja tataḥ sarathanāgāśvāḥ pāṇḍavāḥ
mādhavatrāṇakāraṇāt raṇe bhīṣmam parivavruḥ

36. Then, O elder of Pāṇḍu (Dhṛtarāṣṭra), the Pāṇḍavas, along with their chariots, elephants, and horses, surrounded Bhīṣma in battle for the sake of protecting Mādhava (Kṛṣṇa).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (then, thence, afterwards)

• सरथनागाश्वाः (sarathanāgāśvāḥ) - accompanied by their chariots, elephants, and horses (with chariots, elephants, and horses)

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the sons of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

• पाण्डुपूर्वज (pāṇḍupūrvaja) - Vocative address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra by Sañjaya. (O elder of Pāṇḍu, O Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

• परिवव्रुः (parivavruḥ) - they surrounded, they encompassed

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the war

• भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhīṣma, the commander of the Kaurava army (Bhīṣma (name of a warrior))

• माधवत्राणकारणात् (mādhavatrāṇakāraṇāt) - for the purpose of protecting Kṛṣṇa (Mādhava) (for the sake of Mādhava's protection)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

Formed from 'tad' with suffix -tas

सरथनागाश्वाः (sarathanāgāśvāḥ) - accompanied by their chariots, elephants, and horses (with chariots, elephants, and horses)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarathanāgāśva

sarathanāgāśva - accompanied by chariots, elephants, and horses

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+ratha+nāga+aśva)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable (prefix)
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rādh (class 5)
• nāga – elephant, serpent
  noun (masculine)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Pāṇḍavāḥ

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the sons of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - son of Pāṇḍu, descendant of Pāṇḍu

From Pāṇḍu with suffix -a

पाण्डुपूर्वज (pāṇḍupūrvaja) - Vocative address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra by Sañjaya. (O elder of Pāṇḍu, O Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍupūrvaja

pāṇḍupūrvaja - elder brother of Pāṇḍu (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāṇḍu+pūrvaja)

• pāṇḍu – Pāṇḍu (name of a king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• pūrvaja – elder, born before, ancestral
  adjective (masculine)
  From pūrva + jan + ḍa
  Root: jan (class 4)

परिवव्रुः (parivavruḥ) - they surrounded, they encompassed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (Lit) of vṛ

Perfect (Lit)

Root 'vṛ' with prefix 'pari-'

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat, fight

Root: raṇ (class 1)

भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhīṣma, the commander of the Kaurava army (Bhīṣma (name of a warrior))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - terrible, formidable; name of a famous warrior

From root bhī (to fear) + kṣma

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Object of parivavruḥ

माधवत्राणकारणात् (mādhavatrāṇakāraṇāt) - for the purpose of protecting Kṛṣṇa (Mādhava) (for the sake of Mādhava's protection)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of mādhavatrāṇakāraṇa

mādhavatrāṇakāraṇa - the cause/reason for Mādhava's protection

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mādhava+trāṇa+kāraṇa)

• mādhava – descendant of Madhu, an epithet of Kṛṣṇa
  proper noun (masculine)
• trāṇa – protection, defense, refuge
  noun (neuter)
  From root trā (to protect)
  Root: trā (class 2)
• kāraṇa – cause, reason, instrument, motive
  noun (neuter)
  From root kṛ (to do) + ana
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Indicates reason "for the sake of"